IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine - September 2021 - 40

weather satellites and on the evolution of global observing
systems. He has been at the Met Office and at the European
Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading,
RG2 9AX, U.K. for his entire professional career, except for
a sabbatical year at the Cooperative Institute for Meteorological
Satellite Studies (CIMSS) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison,
Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA. His
areas of expertise include weather satellite data, radiative
transfer, inverse and retrieval methods, data assimilation,
and observing-system designs. His R&D interests include
improving the exploitation of data currently available from
weather and other environmental satellites, preparing for
the exploitation of data expected from new satellite instruments
to be launched in the next few years, and defining future
generations of weather satellites and their instruments.
Richard A. Anthes (anthes@ucar.edu) is president emeritus
of the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
(NCAR), Boulder, Colorado, 80301, USA. He developed the
first 3D numerical model of hurricanes and was the father
of one of the world's most widely used mesoscale models,
the Fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National
Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model
(MM5). In recent years, he has become interested in the radio
occultation technique for sounding Earth's atmosphere
from space and was a key player in the proof-of-concept
Global Positioning System Meteorology (GPS/MET) experiment
launched in 1995, COSMIC, six satellites launched in
2006, and COSMIC-2, which was launched in 2019. He has
published more than 100 peer-reviewed articles and books.
He also established a highly successful program to increase
participation of underrepresented minorities in the geosciences,
called Significant Opportunities in Atmospheric Research
and Science.
Kenneth Holmlund (kholmlund@wmo.int) has worked
on satellite remote sensing for more than 35 years. He began
his career at the Finnish Meteorological Institute and then
worked at the European Space Agency prior to joining the
European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological
Satellites (EUMETSAT) in 1995. While at EUMETSAT,
he led operational satellite product processing activities as
well as the development of new algorithms and products for
EUMETSAT's then-current and -future satellites. Recently,
he served as EUMETSAT's chief scientist, providing support
to the EUMETSAT Management Board on scientific matters
with strategic implications. Following his retirement from
EUMETSAT in the fall of 2020, he joined the World Meteorological
Organization, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland, as
head of its Satellite Systems and Utilization Division.
Karen M. St. Germain (karen.m.stgermain@nasa.gov)
is the director of NASA's Earth Science Division, Washington,
D.C. 20546, USA, where she oversees technology
development, applied science, research, and mission implementation
and operation. Prior to joining NASA, she
guided the ongoing development and deployment of two
major satellite programs for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) and led the definition
40
of NOAA's future spaceborne capabilities. Previously,
while at U.S. Department of Defense, she developed a
strategy and implementation plan for adapting to evolving
challenges in the space domain. She has enjoyed a successful
research career at the Universities of Massachusetts
and Nebraska and at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory.
She has performed research aboard icebreakers in the Arctic
and Antarctic, flown through hurricanes and tropical
storms on NOAA P-3 airplanes, and measured glacial ice
on a snowmobile traverse of the Greenland ice sheet. She
also led the modeling and calibration of the WindSat Coriolis
mission, the first spaceborne radiometer to measure
ocean surface wind direction.
Ross N. Hoffman (ross.n.hoffman@noaa.gov) is a parttime
scientist at the Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth
System Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland,
20740, USA, supporting the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration/NESDIS/Center
for Satellite
Applications and Research (STAR). From 1999 to 2013, he
was vice-president of the R&D division of Atmospheric Environmental
Research, Inc. He has published more than 100
peer-reviewed articles and book chapters. His principal areas
of interest are objective analysis and assimilation methods,
impact experiments, atmospheric dynamics, climate theory,
and atmospheric radiation. He was a long-term member of the
NASA scatterometer science teams and has served on some
committees of the American Meteorological Society and the
National Academy of Sciences. His Ph.D. advisor was Prof.
E.N. Lorenz, and his postdoctoral advisor was Dr. E. Kalnay.
DISCLAIMER
The views expressed here are those of the authors and do
not necessarily represent those of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration or the U.S. government.
REFERENCES
[1] " Space-based capabilities (OSCAR/Space), " World Meteorological
Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, Tech. Rep., 2019. [Online].
Available: https://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/spacecapabilities/
[2] S.-A. Boukabara, V. Krasnopolsky, J. Q. Stewart, E. S. Maddy, N.
Shahroudi, and R. N. Hoffman, " Leveraging modern artificial
intelligence for remote sensing and NWP: Benefits and challenges, "
Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., vol. 100, no. 12, pp. ES473-ES491,
Dec. 2019. doi: 10.1175/bams-d-18-0324.1.
[3] M. D'Errico, Ed., Distributed Space Missions for Earth System Monitoring
(Space Technology Library), vol. 31, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2013.
doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4541-8.
[4] M. Berger, J. Moreno, J. A. Johannessen, P. F. Levelt, and R. F.
Hanssen, " ESA's sentinel missions in support of Earth system science, "
Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 120, pp. 84-90, 15 May 2012.
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[5] A. Simmons, J.-L. Fellous, V. Ramaswamy, and K. Trenberth,
and The Study Team of the Committee on Space Research.
" Observation and integrated Earth-system science: A roadmap
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2016. doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2016.03.008.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING MAGAZINE SEPTEMBER 2021
https://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/spacecapabilities/
IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine - September 2021

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