IEEE Microwave Magazine - June 2015 - 47

noise of -93 dBc/Hz at a 100-kHz offset. The dissipated dc
power of the VCO is 20 mW. The FOMT of the VCO based on
the reported data is 174.37 dBc/Hz at a 100-kHz offset. The
measured results of the SIW resonator show an unloaded
quality factor in the range of 286-299. The schematic and
fabricated prototype photos of the SIW low-phase-noise
VCO are shown in Figure 7(a) and (b), respectively.

Post-Loaded Mechanically Tuned Using
Screw (Based on Method V)
Mechanically Tunable SIW Cavity-Based Oscillator
In [31], a different technique similar to what is shown
in Figure 1(e) and first presented in [45] is used to tune
a rectangular SIW cavity resonator. The method is
based on a mechanically controlled flap and a metalized via post inside the cavity resonator. As the flap
rotates around the axis of the via post, the connection

Using this method, the resonator
can be tuned by 2-3%.
point of the via and the cavity changes, and, thus, there
will be a shift in the resonance frequency of the resonator. Using this method, the resonator can be tuned
by 2-3%. The designed resonator is then put in series
with an HEMT to shape a reflective-type oscillator
(Figure 8). The proposed VCO has a tuning range of
2.5% ( f0 = 12.4 GHz) and a phase noise of -122 dBc/Hz
at an offset of 1 MHz. Dissipating 30 mW of dc power,
the VCO has an FOM of 189.1 dBc/Hz at a 1-MHz offset. Figure 8(a) shows the fabricated prototype of the
mechanically tuned SIW VCO. Measured and simulated operation frequencies of the VCO are shown in
Figure 8(b). The measured phase noise of the VCO at
different frequencies is shown in Figure 8(c).

Vtune

12.3
1
12.
3

28 mm

3.0
0

0
0.3

12.3

25
2.5

0.4
0

MA46H120

4
4.5

Vddd

2.6

MGF491AL

Vggg

2
2.5
8.2

(Unit: mm)

2.9

2.5

1.55
5

43 mm
(a)

(b)

0

;S11; (dB)

-5

-10
Vtune = 0 V
Vtune = 3 V
Vtune = 6 V
Vtune = 9 V
Vtune = 12 V

-15

-20
11.0

11.2

11.8
11.4
11.6
Frequency (GHz)
(c)

12.0

12.2

Output Spectrum (dBm)

0
-20
-40
-60

Vtune = 0 V
Vtune = 3 V
Vtune = 6 V
Vtune = 9 V
Vtune = 12 V

-80
-100
11.1

11.2

11.3

11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7
Frequency (GHz)

11.8

11.9

(d)

Figure 7. (a) A schematic of the SIW-based VCO, (b) the fabricated prototype, (c) the measured S 11 results of the SIW resonator, and
(d) the measured output spectrum of the SIW VCO [57].

June 2015

47



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Microwave Magazine - June 2015

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