IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2023 - 70

3) The authors explain that " the impedance
match at the input and
output of an amplifier must be
reasonably good " and hence apply
matching between every two
stages.
It was against this backdrop that
analog designers became interested
in RF systems. Having dealt with the
mass production of fairly complex
bipolar and CMOS circuits-albeit
operating at lower frequencies-they
were trained to aim for a high yield
and tackle PVT issues by on-chip techniques
such as bandgap references,
current mirrors, differential operation,
etc. They furthermore relied on SPICE
for simulations.
Facing the low quality of spiral
FIGURE 16: Siemens' 1994 direct-conversion transceiver [42].
inductors in silicon processes, analog
designers also wondered whether
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
FIGURE 17: (a) A CMOS mixer from 1993 [43], (b) an inverter-based LNA from 1996 [44], (c) a MESFET LNA from 1993 [45], and (d) a CMOS LNA
from 1996 [46]. (Parts of diagrams omitted for clarity.)
70 SUMMER 2023
IEEE SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS MAGAZINE

IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2023

Contents
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2023 - Cover1
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2023 - Cover2
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2023 - Contents
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2023 - 2
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IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2023 - Cover3
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