IEEE Power Electronics Magazine - June 2015 - 42
Solar Array
Drive Assembly
PDM (1 of x)
I
SSR
(1 of m)
DIO REA I and V
Power
Control
1553B Data Bus
Unit
Spacecraft Avionics
DIO
Load
Array
SSR
(1 of n)
A/B/C
I
BDRs
(1 of m)
I A/B/C
I and V
+
EGSE
(T-0)
+
EGSE
(T-0)
I and V REA
Battery
Charge
Array
+
EGSE
(T-0)
PSU
PSE Number
1 of 4
Payloads
PFM x12
BCDU
BIE
REA
V ! 2 Vdc
A/B
I
A/B
x12
x12
x12
Offline
Charge
Power
Advanced Electrical Power System
Key Features
* Regulated or Diode Clamped
+
* Peak Power Tracking
EGSE
* Dead Bus Recovery
+
* Fuse Blowing in Regulation
EGSE
* Scalability
(T-0)
* Modularity
* Reconfigurability
* Accepting Lithium-Ion or N2H
1 Power Returns Batteries
Single Point Ground
* Triple-Majority Redundancy
FIG 3 An example of a microgrid: our nation's first full-featured electric power systems for spacecraft can be viewed as a resilient
dc microgrid for mission-critical space applications. SSR: Series switching regulator; PDM: Power distribution module; PSU: Power
switching unit; PSE: Power switching element; PFM: Power filter module; EGSE: Engineering ground support equipment; DIO:
digital input/Output; REA: Remote error amplifier; BIE: battery interface unit.
of Energy. As an indicator of the diversified opinions on what a smart grid is and
the complexity level of the challenges we
face, various names have been used in
place of smart grid, such as "Grid 2.0,"
"next-gen grid," "advanced grid," and
"supergrid." Nevertheless, an important
fundamental aspect should not be
ignored. That is, before any grid can be
GridFlexible ac
Intelligent
Intelligent
Bidirectional
intelligent, it has to be electronic. Hence,
Solid-State
Power
Connected
Transmission
Solid-State
Circuit
Distribution
the aging grid hardware needs to be "elecPower
Systems
Transformers
Breakers,
and
Interface
(SATCOM,
tronictized" first to lay a solid ground for it
Smart Fuses
Control Units
Converters
VSC, APF,
to be smart [3].
Etc.)
"All things grid connected" is a phrase
first
used in [1] to describe the key hardElectronictization: A Foundation for Grid Modernization
ware types that an electronictized grid
may encompass (Figure 4). They are gridtied inverters that connect renewable
FIG 4 "All things grid connected" refers to all the electronic equipment that
energy resources to the grid, digitally
enables a grid to be electronic and intelligent.
controlled solid-state power transformers, smart fuses and solid-state circuit
breakers,
flexible
ac transmission systems, static variable
All Things Grid Connected
reactive
power
compensators,
multilevel power converters
The drive for grid modernization is being mobilized under
for HVDC, bidirectional multiport power and control units
the flag of "smart grid," championed by the U.S. Department
42
IEEE PowEr ElEctronIcs MagazInE
z June 2015
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power Electronics Magazine - June 2015
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