IEEE Power Electronics Magazine - March 2014 - 12

Demonstrating Dynamic
Wireless Charging
of an Electric Vehicle
The benefit of electrochemical capacitor smoothing

by John M. Miller, Omer C. Onar,
Cliff White, Steven Campbell,
Chester Coomer, Larry Seiber,
Raymond Sepe, Jr., and Anton Steyerl

T

he wireless charging of an electric vehicle (EV) while it is in
motion presents challenges in terms of low-latency communications for roadway coil excitation sequencing and maintenance of
lateral alignment, plus the need for power-flow smoothing. This
article summarizes the experimental results on power smoothing
of in-motion wireless EV charging performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) using various combinations of electrochemical capacitors at
the grid side and in the vehicle. Electrochemical capacitors of the symmetric carbon-carbon type from Maxwell Technologies comprised the
in-vehicle smoothing of wireless charging current to the EV battery pack. Electro Standards Laboratories (ESL) fabricated the
passive and active parallel lithium-capacitor (LiC) unit used
to smooth the grid-side power. The power pulsation reduction was 81% on the grid by the LiC, and 84% on the vehicle
for both the LiC and the carbon ultracapacitors (UCs).

Wireless Power Transfer Technology
Wireless in-motion charging of an EV has been a topic of
interest for decades and was proposed in the 1950s as a means
to supply power to mining cars and later to rail cars to eliminate
the pantograph sliding contact. Covic and Boys [1] provide an excellent
treatment of inductive power transfer (IPT) for transportation and cite the
hurdles facing EV charging while in motion. Transferring power to vehicles

Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MPEL.2014.2300978
Date of publication: 11 March 2014

12	

IEEE Power Electronics Magazine	

© image licensed by ingram publishing

z	March 2014

2329-9207/14/$31.00©2014IEEE



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