battery. Typical LFP batteries deliver at least 3000 ± full charge/discharge cycles before reaching 80% of their original capacity. Typical NMC batteries deliver 500-1000 full charge/discharge cycles before reaching 80% of their original capacity. This means that LFP batteries provide 2 to 3 times more cycle life than typical NMC batteries. While the calendar life of an NMC battery is 4-to-5 years, the calendar life for a LFP battery is typically Table 1. A Comparison of LFP and NMC Battery Chemistries. LFP VS. NMC Parameter Voltage Weight Energy Density Volume Energy Density Max Discharge Rate Max Charge Rate Typical Cycle Life (@80%) Calendar Life (@80%) Thermal Runaway Onset* Thermal Runaway Increase* *Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014. **With derated charge voltage. Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) 3.2 V 90-120 Wh/Kg 300-350 Wh/L 30C 10C 3000+ Cycles 8-10 Years ~195 °C 210 °C Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC) 3.7 V 150-250 Wh/Kg 500-700 Wh/L 2C 0.5C 500-1000 Cycles **4-5 Years ~170 °C 500 °C Comparison NMC Batteries are lighter and more compact LFP Batteries provide more power over a shorter period, and can be charged faster LFP Batteries will deliver more cycles over a longer calendar life NMC Batteries have lower thermal runaway thresholds and will burn hotter Leaders in microgrids have something in common. They use real-time simulation to test their systems. How do you validate microgrid protection and control systems? The RTDS® Simulator is the world standard for real-time digital simulation, used globally for the closed-loop testing of power system protection and control systems. Real-time simulation allows for comprehensive validation of microgrid control schemes and renewable energy systems. Testing new devices with a simulated microgrid throughout development and prior to installation is efficient, safe, and reliable. In the hands of innovators, the RTDS® Simulator is changing the grid as we know it. YOUR WORLD IN REAL TIME. RTDS.COM IEEE Power Electronics Ad - Half Page.indd 1 2022-01-25 3:54:35 PM March 2022 z IEEE POWER ELECTRONICS MAGAZINE 49http://www.RTDS.COM