IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine - December 2017 - 58

A Novel System
for Cycling Using
Electrical Stimulation
for Individuals
with Paraplegia,
and Preparation
for Cybathlon 2016

IMAGE LICENSED BY INGRAM PUBLISHING

Cycling
with Spinal
Cord Injury
By Antônio P.L. Bó, Lucas O. da Fonseca, Juliana A. Guimarães,
Emerson Fachin-Martins, Miguel E.G. Paredes, George A. Brindeiro,
Ana Carolina C. de Sousa, Marien C.N. Dorado, and Felipe M. Ramos

P

hysical exercise may produce significant systemic
benefits including reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. For individuals with spinal
cord injury (SCI), muscles that are not volitionally
contracted can be activated using functional
electrical stimulation (FES), a technology where lowenergy electric impulses are applied to restore motor
function. In this article, we share our experience in
developing a system, the Empowering Mobility and Autonomy (EMA) tricycle, to enable persons with paraplegia to

Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MRA.2017.2751660
Date of publication: 10 November 2017

58

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IEEE ROBOTICS & AUTOMATION MAGAZINE

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DECEMBER 2017

perform FES-assisted cycling. Both technological de velopment and preparation protocols are presented, along
with information regarding our team's participation at
Cybathlon 2016.
FES-Assisted Cycling for Individuals with SCI
The reduced level of physical activity for individuals with SCI
has resulted in health issues, such as cardiovascular problems,
osteoporosis, obesity, and Type II diabetes mellitus. Altogether, these conditions may reduce an individual's independence
and overall quality of life. To mitigate these risks, the practice
of upper limb exercise, such as arm crank ergometry, is recommended. However, studies have shown that such exercises
1070-9932/17©2017IEEE



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine - December 2017

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