IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine - March 2021 - 70

Table 3. The GA evaluation experiment results,
*p < 0.05.
Experiment

Disinfection
Markers
Mean Energy

Standard
Deviation

Standard

18/24*

25.93 mJ/cm2

14.63 mJ/cm2

GA-optimized 24/24*

27.93 mJ/cm2

10.67 mJ/cm2

On the other hand, no significant results were achieved
in terms of the mean or variance of the energy-density
distributions in the two conditions. A possible explanation for this is the relatively low number of markers used
to assess these variables. However, these results encourage
the use of disinfection robots as a valid alternative to traditional disinfection methods. Shared environments, such
as conference rooms, public spaces, or workplaces, could
benefit from robotic disinfection in terms of task accuracy, cost, and execution time. This example of robotic
application in this period of emergency strongly supports
the idea that the knowledge and experience of the robotic
community can be crucial in the fight against COVID-19
and in the limitations the virus is imposing on us and
our lifestyle.
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Luca Tiseni, Percro Laboratory, Tecip Institute, Sant'Anna
School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, 56010, Italy. Email: luca
.tiseni@santannapisa.it.
Domenico Chiaradia, Percro Laboratory, Tecip Institute,
Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, 56010, Italy.
Email: domenico.chiaradia@santannapisa.it.
Massimiliano Gabardi, Percro Laboratory, Tecip Institute,
Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56010, Pisa, Italy.
Email: massimiliano.gabardi@santannapisa.it.
Massimiliano Solazzi, Percro Laboratory, Tecip Institute,
Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, 56010, Italy.
Email: massimiliano.solazzi@santannapisa.it.
Daniele Leonardis, Percro Laboratory, Tecip Institute, Sant'Anna
School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, 56010, Italy. Email: daniele
.leonardis@santannapisa.it.
Antonio Frisoli, Percro Laboratory, Tecip Institute, Sant'Anna
School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, 56010, Italy. Email: antonio
.frisoli@santannapisa.it.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/s1877050920302155 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/s1877050920302155 https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3620830
IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine - March 2021

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