Signal Processing - May 2017 - 52

frames to the total number of frames in the audio signal to be
rendered. This way, the whole source and not a portion of it is
rendered or culled. The advantage of these methods is that they
potentially allow the preprocessing stage of the source-culling
process to be integrated with existing perceptual audio-coding
algorithms such as MPEG-1 Layer I Audio.

Summary
The body of knowledge on spatial hearing and the mechanisms that govern it has been steadily growing. However, a
comprehensive model that can account for all the different
aspects of spatial hearing is yet to be developed. Still, the
existing knowledge can be used to design audio systems and
algorithms that have lower computational and hardware costs
but can provide a subjective performance as good as more
complicated physically motivated systems.
While developments in computer hardware could make it
possible to overcome issues due to computational limitations,
physical limitations such as the size of electroacoustic transducers or data bandwidth will remain. Similarly, the energy
cost of carrying out simple operations such as multiplication
or memory access is likely to diminish but will never vanish,
and the power efficiency of mobile devices will also continue
to be relevant. These issues will make it even more desirable to
design simpler audio systems and algorithms. The importance
of using our knowledge of auditory perception to that end will
thus remain high.

Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Turkish Scientific and
Technological Research Council under research grant
113E513, "Spatial Audio Reproduction Using Analysis-Based
Synthesis Methods," and by the European Commission under
grant 316969 in the FP7-PEOPLE Marie Curie Initial
Training Network, "Dereverberation and Reverberation of
Audio, Music, and Speech (DREAMS)."

Authors
Hüseyin Hacıhabibog˘ lu (hhuseyin@metu.edu.tr) received
his B.Sc. (honors) degree from the Middle East Technical
University (METU), Ankara, Turkey, in 2000 and his M.Sc.
degree from the University of Bristol, United Kingdom, in
2001, both in electrical and electronics engineering, and his
Ph.D. degree in computer science from Queen's University
Belfast, United Kingdom, in 2004. He held research positions
at the University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom,
(2004-2008) and King's College London, United Kingdom
(2008-2011). Currently, he is an associate professor of signal
processing and head of the Department of Modeling and
Simulation in the Graduate School of Informatics, METU. He
also coordinates the recently established multimedia informatics graduate program in the same department. His research
interests include audio signal processing, room acoustics, multichannel audio systems, psychoacoustics of spatial hearing,
microphone arrays, and game audio. He is a member of the
IEEE Signal Processing Society, Audio Engineering Society,
52

Turkish Acoustics Society, and European Acoustics
Association. He is a Senior Member of the IEEE and an associate editor of IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech,
and Language Processing.
Enzo De Sena (e.desena@surrey.ac.uk) received his B.Sc.
degree in 2007 and his M.Sc. degree cum laude in 2009, both
from the Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II in
telecommunication engineering. In 2013, he received his
Ph.D. degree in electronic engineering from King's College
London, United Kingdom. Between 2013 and 2016, he was a
postdoctoral research fellow at the Katholieke Universiteit
Leuven, Belgium. Since September 2016, he has been a lecturer in audio at the Institute of Sound Recording of the
University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom. He held
visiting positions at the Center for Computer Research in
Music and Acoustics at Stanford University, California
(2013), in the Signal and Information Processing section at
Aalborg University, Denmark (2014-2015), and in the Speech
and Audio Processing Group at Imperial College London,
United Kingdom (2016). He is a former Marie Curie fellow,
and his current research interests include room acoustics modeling, multichannel audio systems, microphone beamforming,
and binaural modeling. He is a Member of the IEEE.
Zoran Cvetkovi´c (zoran.cvetkovic@kcl.ac.uk) is a professor of
signal processing at King's College London, United Kingdom.
He received his Dipl. Ing. and Mag. degrees from the University of
Belgrade, Yugoslavia; his M.Phil. degree from Columbia University, New York; and his Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering
from the University of California, Berkeley. He held research positions at EPFL (1996), Lausanne, Switzerland, and at Harvard
University (2002-2004), Cambridge, Massachusetts. Between 1997
and 2002, he was a member of the technical staff of AT&T Shannon
Laboratory. His research interests are in the broad area of signal processing, ranging from the theoretical aspects of signal analysis to
applications in neuroscience and audio and speech technology. From
2005 to 2008, he served as an associate editor of IEEE Transactions
on Signal Processing. He is a Senior Member of the IEEE.
James Johnston (j.d.johnston@ieee.org) received his B.S.
and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from CarnegieMellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He was the primary researcher and inventor of the MPEG-2 AAC audio
coding algorithm, and a principal contributor to the MP3 algorithm. He was awarded the IEEE James L. Flanagan Signal
Processing Field Award (2006), elected a fellow of the Audio
Engineering Society (1997), received the AT&T Technology
Medal and AT&T Standards Award (1998), and received a
New Jersey Inventor of the Year Award (2001). He was a
Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE Signal Processing Society
in 2011. His current research interests include acoustic scene
modeling, loudspeaker design, loudspeaker pattern control,
cochlear modeling, masking threshold models, stereo imaging
models and stereo imaging sensitivity models, methods of
reproducing sound fields, both actively steered and timeinvariant microphone and sound-field capture techniques, and
speech and audio coding methods in general. He is a Fellow
of the IEEE.

IEEE Signal Processing Magazine

May 2017

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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Signal Processing - May 2017