Signal Processing - November 2016 - 22
SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR
SMART VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES
Youjun Choi, Sang Ik Han, Seung-Hyun Kong,
and Hyunwoo Ko
Driver Status Monitoring Systems for Smart Vehicles
Using Physiological Sensors
A safety enhancement system from automobile manufacturers
SKY IMAGE LICENSED BY GRAPHIC STOCK
©ISTOCKPHOTO.COM/POSTERIORI
A
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MSP.2016.2602095
Date of publication: 4 November 2016
22
utomobiles provide a convenient form of transportation, and the number of automobiles in the world has been increasing rapidly, from 193 million in 1970 to
more than 796 million in recent years [1]. However, automobiles have created a
number of serious problems, such as accidents, traffic congestion, and air pollution, among which traffic accidents are one of the most serious and
urgent problems threatening the safety of automobile users.
The U.S. Department of Transportation National Highway Traffic Safety Administration found that traffic
accidents are mostly caused by drivers' inattention,
high-speed driving, drunken driving, misperception, decision errors, and driver incapacitation (e.g., falling asleep or having a heart
attack while driving). Among these causes,
drunken driving and driver incapacitation account for about 25% of total traffic accidents [2]. In 2014, the American
Automobile Association Foundation
for Traffic Safety in the United States
reported that an average of 328,000
traffic accidents annually involve a
drowsy driver [3]. In Europe, 20-25% of
total traffic accidents were due to drowsy
drivers [4]:
■ In France in 2011, there were 3,970
fatal accidents on the road, in which 732
cases occurred on straight roads; 85% of
these accidents were due to drowsy drivers [4].
■ In Germany, 25% of all fatal road traffic accidents were caused by drowsy drivers [4].
■ From 2006 to 2010, in Finland, 17% of fatal motor
vehicle accidents were related to fatigued drivers; they
were responsible for 18% of deaths on the road [4].
Driver status monitoring (DSM) systems have emerged as an innovative
technology to prevent traffic accidents from driver incapacitation. In recent developments of DSM systems, medical technologies used for patient diagnosis, including
those utilizing electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG), are considered for the acquisition of driver's physiological signals, which is an effective approach
that should be given a special attention.
IEEE SIgnal ProcESSIng MagazInE
|
November 2016
|
1053-5888/16©2016IEEE
http://www.ISTOCKPHOTO.COM/POSTERIORI
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Signal Processing - November 2016
Signal Processing - November 2016 - Cover1
Signal Processing - November 2016 - Cover2
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 1
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 2
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 3
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 4
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 5
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 6
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 7
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 8
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 9
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 10
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 11
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 12
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 13
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 14
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 15
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 16
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 17
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 18
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 19
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 20
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 21
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 22
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 23
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 24
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 25
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 26
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 27
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 28
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 29
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 30
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 31
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 32
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 33
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 34
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 35
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 36
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 37
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 38
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 39
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 40
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 41
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 42
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 43
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 44
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 45
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 46
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 47
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 48
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 49
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 50
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 51
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 52
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 53
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 54
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 55
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 56
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 57
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 58
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 59
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 60
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 61
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 62
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 63
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 64
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 65
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 66
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 67
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 68
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 69
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 70
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 71
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 72
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 73
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 74
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 75
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 76
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 77
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 78
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 79
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 80
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 81
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 82
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 83
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 84
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 85
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 86
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 87
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 88
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 89
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 90
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 91
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 92
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 93
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 94
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 95
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 96
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 97
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 98
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 99
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 100
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 101
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 102
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 103
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 104
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 105
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 106
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 107
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 108
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Signal Processing - November 2016 - 110
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Signal Processing - November 2016 - 119
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 120
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 121
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 122
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 123
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Signal Processing - November 2016 - 125
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 126
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 127
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 128
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 129
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 130
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 131
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 132
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 133
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 134
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 135
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 136
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 137
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 138
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 139
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 140
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 141
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Signal Processing - November 2016 - 144
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 145
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 146
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 147
Signal Processing - November 2016 - 148
Signal Processing - November 2016 - Cover3
Signal Processing - November 2016 - Cover4
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