IEEE Signal Processing - May 2018 - 113
session (3 × 4 min). For conveniently dis-
tinguishing between parts of the experi-
ment, students were instructed to tap the
electrodes (leading to artifacts) between
In the data collection stage, the stu-
dents are required to record their own
ECG for a period of 12 min while being
seated. We have also found that students
preferred on-screen instructions to a hard-
copy. To this end, we have created a short
video that runs on a loop on the main
screen in the lecture room, which explains
the practical settings such as positions of
the electrodes, connections of the leads,
and general equipment handling.
A second video is accessed by stu-
dents from their laptops. This guides
the students through three experiment
trials, whereby in each trial the students
are required to breathe at different rates,
as per the on-screen instructions:
■ trial 1: Unconstrained breathing for
4 min
■ trial 2: Constrained breathing (fast)
at 25 breaths per minute for 4 min
■ trial 3: Constrained breathing (slow)
at 7.5 breaths per minute for 4 min.
Screenshots of the on-screen instruc-
tions from our computer video, which
guides a student through the experi-
ments, are shown in Figure 6. To simpli-
fy the experimental setup, all of the trials
are recorded within one 12-min long
the trials. These artifacts, in addition to
the timing of the trials, assisted the stu-
dents in segmenting their data into three
separate data vectors. Figure 7 shows a
Switch ON the iAmp
Press "Start"
The LED Light
Flashes at a
High Rate
Breathe
In
Breathe
Out
Figure 6. On-screen video instructions that guide the students through the experiments.
Instruction Manual
Switch
On
25 Breaths/Min
Breathe Normally
Tap the Electrodes
Press Start
0
10
20
30
40
250
260
270
Press Start
Tap the Electrodes
280
500
Switch
Off
7.5 Breaths/Min
510
520
530
750
760
770
Time (s)
(a)
Trial 1
ECG Recording
Example
Trial 3
Trial 2
Artifacts
Introduced by
Tapping
(b)
Figure 7. The recording instructions and an example of a recorded ECG. (a) The time sequence of the real-world ECG recordings. (b) Three trials at
different breathing rates with transition periods in between. The unconstrained breathing (Trial 1, left) shows no obvious effects of the modulation of the
ECG by respiration, while the ECG recorded while breathing at fixed rates (Trials 2 and 3, middle and right) shows clear effects of the RSA, a sinusoidal
modulation of the ECG envelope by respiration.
IEEE Signal Processing Magazine
|
May 2018
|
113
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Signal Processing - May 2018
Contents
IEEE Signal Processing - May 2018 - Cover1
IEEE Signal Processing - May 2018 - Cover2
IEEE Signal Processing - May 2018 - Contents
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IEEE Signal Processing - May 2018 - Cover3
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