IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Magazine - January 2023 - 59

power is smaller, and the error in the measuring device
becomes nonnegligible. A solution to this problem is to
determine the power loss using the quantity of heat radiated
from the power conversion equipment. This method
is called a calorimetric method. In the previous study, the
calorimeter using a Peltier element was proposed. In this
article, a nonlinear temperature
control system that adapts to
changes in the heat capacity of the
measured object is designed based
on operator theory and adaptive
control theory. Since the adaptive
control theory requires the control
system to satisfy passivity, a feedback
control system that guarantees
passivity is designed based on
isomorphism. Furthermore, experiments
are performed to confirm
the effectiveness of the proposed
control system.
[9], a calorimeter using a Peltier element and an insulated
container was proposed, and it was confirmed that
the measurement error was under 8% when power loss
was between 5 and 25 W.
A Peltier element is used for cooling devices as it is a
Introduction
In recent years, power conversion
equipment has become more
efficient to facilitate the electrification
of vehicles and to contribute
to save energy. Among them, products with
conversion efficiencies exceeding 99% are being developed
[1]. For the evaluation of the performance and
design of the power conversion equipment, such as conversion
efficiency, it is essential to determine the power
loss of the equipment with high accuracy. Power loss is
generally measured by an electrical measurement method
that determines it from the difference between the
input power and output power using a wattmeter. However,
the percentage of the power loss to the measured
input and output power becomes smaller because of the
higher performance of the power conversion equipment.
This causes a problem of not being able to obtain
highly accurate measurement results because the fullscale
error in the measurement range becomes nonnegligible

IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Magazine - January 2023

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