IEEE Solid-State Circuits Magazine - Fall 2017 - 39
needed for each payload event to be
transmitted, to determine the effective
throughput. From these plots, the
maximum effective throughput was
established, as shown in Figure 2 for
BTLE 4.2.
The results of this exercise are
shown in Figure 3. The better re -
ceiver sensitivity and increased
maximum packet length for BTLE
introduced in BT 4.2 greatly improve
the maximum throughput compared
to BT 4.0 but still fall short of what
is needed for this application. (At the
beginning of 2017, BT 5 was released
with a doubling of the maximum
data rate to 2 Mb/s. This should theo-
retically allow a doubling of through-
put to 496 kb/s, very close to the
application's requirements.) The
802.15.6 MODE 4 protocol and both
BT-EDR modes are able to meet the
application data throughput re -
quirements; however the typically
current consumption of a BT-EDR
(classic Bluetooth) device is typically
~30 mA, which would not allow for
use with a small coin cell. Therefore,
to support this application, we pro-
ceeded with a design based on IEEE
802.15.6.
To achieve the latency requirement,
samples must be acquired, received,
and displayed at the bedside device
fewer than 250 ms later, as illustrated
in Figure 4. Allowing three attempts
at transmission at three different
frequencies gives a frame length of
40 ms. If the data is successfully trans-
mitted in the first frame (a block
acknowledgement is received), the
transceiver can sleep for the next
120 ms
Sample 1
Sample 2
Sample 3
Sample 4
Sample 5
Sensor
Tx Set 1
Tx Set 2
Tx Set 3
Tx Set 4
Node
Rx Set 1
Rx Set 2
Rx Set 3
Rx Set 4
Hub
< 250 ms
Tx Set 1-1
Tx Set 1-2
Tx Set 1-3
40 ms
ECG
SPO2
Probability
FIGURE 4: A transmission frame structure to meet quality of service demands.
0.14
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
0
10
20
30
40
Packets in Error
50
1.00E-05
Probability
8.00E-06
6.00E-06
4.00E-06
2.00E-06
0.00E+00
25
30
Packets in Error
35
FIGURE 5: Transmission link reliability.
IEEE SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS MAGAZINE
FA L L 2 0 17
39
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