IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 1

volume 45 number 11 north american

11.08

www.Ieee.org/
tHeINstItUte
aVailable 7 noVember on
the institute online

ieee honors
innoVators
From the microprocessor to the world
wide web, the contributions of this
year's recipients of Ieee medals and
awards have had a major impact on
our daily lives. check out highlights
from the Ieee Honors ceremony.

tWo neW ieee
milestones
the newest Ieee milestones recognize
the edison west orange labs in
New Jersey and the Japanese word
processor in tokyo.
TOP: gEnERAl mOTORS
bOTTOm: h&S PROdUCTiOn/
CORbiS

ieee energy
conference

sPectrUm.Ieee.org
aVailable online 1 noVember

the r&d 100: still
spending billions

Economies crater from time to time, but companies must continually
spend more money on R&D [above] or be left behind when the
inevitable upturn comes. Despite spending growth in India and China,
this year's list of the world's top 100 spenders is dominated by firms
from the U.S., Japan, Germany, and the UK. Who topped the chart?
Which U.S. telecom giant boosted spending by 341 percent? Which
German colossus slashed spending by 32 percent? Read the list, then
use our interactive R&D 100 Graph-o-matic to compare spending
across companies, industries, and countries.

oNLINe FeAtUres:

ALso oNLINe:

new Blog: starting this month, senior
editor william sweet and veteran energy
journalist Peter Fairley analyze cutting-edge
alternative-energy technologies and provide
perspective on climate-change issues in
their new blog, Energywise.

* webcasts
* Podcasts
* News
* blogs
* Jobs
* career Accelerator Forum
* Ieee Xplore® digital library
* white papers
* opinions
* more!

tech gift guide supplement: exclusive
video and web-only reviews of the hottest
holiday gadgets for geeks of all ages.

the first conference of its kind, the
Ieee energy 2030 conference
will bring together experts from
a broad range of disciplines to
discuss the technology, policy, and
economic framework required for
the creation of a global sustainable
energy infrastructure by 2030. the
conference will be held 17 and 18
November in Atlanta.

ieee spectrum (IssN 0018-9235) is published monthly by the Institute of electrical and electronics engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. © 2008 by the Institute of electrical and electronics engineers, Inc., 3 Park Avenue, New york, Ny 10016-5997, U.s.A.
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November 2008 * Ieee sPectrUm * NA

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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Spectrum November, 2008

IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - Cover1
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - Cover2
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 1
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 2
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 3
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 4
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 5
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 6
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 7
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 8
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 9
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 10
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 11
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 12
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 13
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 14
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 15
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 16
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 17
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 18
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 19
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 20
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 21
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 22
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 23
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 24
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 25
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 26
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 27
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 28
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 29
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 30
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 31
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 32
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 33
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 34
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 35
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 36
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 37
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 38
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 39
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 40
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 41
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 42
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 43
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 44
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 45
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 46
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - 47
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - Cover3
IEEE Spectrum November, 2008 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1117
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0917
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0817
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0717
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0617
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0517
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0417
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0317
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0117
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1116
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0916
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0816
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0716
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0616
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0516
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0416
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0316
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0116
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1115
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0915
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0815
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0715
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0615
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0515
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0415
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0315
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0115
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1214
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1114
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0114
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1213
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1113
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1013
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0913
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0813
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0713
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0613
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0513
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0413
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0313
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0213
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0113
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1212
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1012
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0912
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0812
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0712
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0512
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1111
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1011
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0911
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0811
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0711
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0611
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0511
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0411
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0311
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0111
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1210
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1110
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1010
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0810
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0710
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0610
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0510
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0410
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0310
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0210
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0110
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1209
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1109
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1009
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0909
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0809
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0709
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0509
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1208
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1008
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0908
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0308
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0208
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0108
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1207
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1107
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1007
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0907
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0807
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0707
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0607
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0507
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0407
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0307
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0207
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0107
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