IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 84
DATAFLOW_
The OTheR FallOuT
FROm FukushIma
Carbon emissions rise as
reaCtors are shut down
In the wake of the Fukushima meltdown in 2011, Japan shut down all its nuclear reactors.
Two reactors soon returned to operation, but now even these are closed for maintenance.
Recently released estimates of Japan's energy consumption and carbon emissions for
2012 confirm that a continuing consequence of that shutdown is more fossil-fuel-based
electricity generation and attendant greenhouse gas emissions. It's likely, though, that
concerns about costs, not emissions, will drive a return to nuclear, as Japan's trade deficit
increase has been blamed on fossil fuel purchases. -Stephen CaSS
MILLION METRIC TONS OF OIL EQUIVALENT
COAL
120
NATURAL GAS
90
nuClEar PowEr PlummEts
NUCLEAR
60
the closure of nuclear plants left Japan
short on power. Fossil fuels, rather than
renewables, were used to bridge the gap.
30
0
2008
2009
OTHER RENEWABLES
MILLION METRIC TONS OF CO2
2010
2011
2012
2010
2011
2012
Carbon Emissions inCrEasE
the increased use of fossil fuels to generate electricity is largely behind the rise in
Japan's greenhouse gas emissions.
1200
1050
2008
2009
TRILLIONS OF YEN
tradE dEfiCit inCrEasEs
4
By 2012, Japan's trade deficit reached
about US $78 billion, and the downward
trend has continued into 2013.
0
4
8
2008
84
|
nOv 2013
2009
|
nOrTh AmericAn
|
SPecTrUm.ieee.OrG
2010
2011
2012
SourceS: BP StatiStical review of world energy June 2013; redrawing the energy-climate maP, international energy agency, 2013;
httP://www.iea.org/StatiSticS/toPicS/co2emiSSionS; JaPan miniStry of finance
HYDRO
httP://www.iea.org/StatiSticS/toPicS/co2emiSSionS
http://SPecTrUm.ieee.OrG
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Spectrum November, 2013
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - Cover1
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - Cover2
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 1
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 2
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 3
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 4
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 5
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 6
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 7
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 8
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 9
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 10
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 11
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 12
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 13
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 14
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 15
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 16
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 17
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 18
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 19
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 20
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 21
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 22
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 23
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 24
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 25
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 26
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 27
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 28
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 29
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 30
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 31
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 32
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 33
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 34
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 35
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 36
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 37
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 38
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 39
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 40
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 41
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 42
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 43
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 44
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 45
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 46
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 47
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 48
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 49
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 50
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 51
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 52
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 53
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 54
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 55
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 56
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 57
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 58
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 59
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 60
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 61
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 62
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 63
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 64
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 65
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 66
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 67
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 68
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 69
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 70
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 71
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 72
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 73
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 74
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 75
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 76
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 77
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 78
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 79
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 80
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 81
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 82
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 83
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - 84
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - Cover3
IEEE Spectrum November, 2013 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1117
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0917
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0817
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0717
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0617
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0517
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0417
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0317
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0117
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1116
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0916
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0816
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0716
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0616
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0516
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0416
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0316
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0116
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1115
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0915
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0815
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0715
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0615
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0515
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0415
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0315
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0115
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1214
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1114
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0914
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0814
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0714
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0614
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0514
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0414
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0314
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0214
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0114
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1213
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1113
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1013
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0913
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0813
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0713
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0613
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0513
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0413
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0313
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0213
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0113
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1212
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1012
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0912
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0812
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0712
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0612
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0512
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0412
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0312
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0212
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1111
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1011
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0911
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0811
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0711
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0611
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0511
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0411
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0311
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0111
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1210
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1110
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1010
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0810
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0710
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0610
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0510
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0410
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0310
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0210
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0110
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1209
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1109
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1009
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0909
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0809
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0709
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0609
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0509
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0409
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0309
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0209
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0109
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1208
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1108
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1008
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0908
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0808
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0608
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0508
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0408
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0308
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0208
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0108
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1207
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1107
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_1007
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0907
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0807
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0707
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0607
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0507
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0407
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0307
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0207
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/spectrum_na_0107
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com