IEEE Technology and Society Magazine - Fall 2014 - 47

findings on such crucial processes
as social influence [30]. On the
other hand, social psychology often
underestimates the role of institutions and governance. Joining the
two approaches leads to understanding sustainable energy management
in social systems as both institutions and communities, wherein both
agreed upon rules and social processes (influence, norms and values,
etc.) are crucial. The dynamics of
such systems is more than the sum of
their parts (individuals).
For creating energy communities
two steps are needed. First, energy
providers need to allow groups of
users to organize (Ostrom's principle no 7), i.e., by creating virtual consumer units. Without this,
it is not possible for institutions
to have any meaningful impact
on consumer behaviors. Second,
technological solutions for energy
management (both software and
hardware) should be designed with
psychological and social factors in
mind. Timely delivered feedback,
proper visualization, remote access,
and gamification elements can help
users to remain in control of their
energy usage. Platforms for social
interaction and community management may foster the refinement
of institutions (enabling resolution of conflicts, self- governance,
and privacy control in a bottom-up
manner) and help the dynamics of
ongoing social processes, such as
shared knowledge gathering, identity building, or the development of
norms and values.

Author Information
Andrzej Nowak is the Director of
the Centre for Complex Systems in
The Robert B. Zajonc Institute for
Social Studies, University of Warsaw; andrzejn232@gmail.com.
Agnieszka Rychwalska is a
psychologist at The Robert B. Zajonc Institute for Social Studies,
University of Warsaw; a.rychwalska@
uw.edu.pl.

Jacek Szamrej is an IT manager
with the Vermont Electric Cooperative; jacek.szamrej@gmail.com.

Acknowledgment
This work was supported by funds
from Polish National Science Centre (project no. DEC-2011/02/A/
HS6/00231).

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