IEEE Technology and Society Magazine - Summer 2013 - 38

between A and B. Ppayoff (A, B) provides how much the payoff between
A and B contributes to the overall
system payoff (e.g., welfare or mission completion). As Fig. 3 shows,
the act of a trustee also affects the
decision of a trustor in a next session of the game.

Sustainability and Trust
Trust has been discussed along with
other important concepts such as
cooperation, altruism, reciprocation,
control, etc. in order to clearly understand interactions in multiple layers
of complex networks. Even if the
social sciences literature gives a large
volume of background knowledge for
the concepts to be used in complex
networks, measuring those concepts
in networks may not be agreed upon
easily. Moreover, there are few metrics to measure sustainability, other
performance aspects (e.g., resilience,
survivability, or fairness), or trust.
Tradeoffs or performance analysis
are shown in the literature based on
perspectives from various disciplines
but applying those concepts in complex networks requires significant
effort to reinterpret them.
If successful, this idea gives
strikingly innovative perspective to
achieve ideal sustainable networks.
The long-term implications of systems are enhanced through the
intelligent interactions of entities
to foster trust. Future networks will
require a multi-level shape-shifting
from a single goal oriented system
to a multi-goal oriented system as
proposed in this work.
These trust-based approaches
to enhance the sustainability of
systems pertain to applications in
many networking domains. Trust
can be applied to network security platforms, where traditional
security approaches are too rigid.
Such approaches will optimize an
assumption of increased risk in
potential security vulnerability while
enhancing network performance. As
another example, trust-based mechanisms are amenable for environmental sensing with wireless sensor
38

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networks. These mechanisms will
describe intelligent approaches for
data collection, providing significant
benefits to sustainability or the lifetime of such systems by fine-tuning
network behavior. In addition, trustbased methods are clearly applicable
to human machine interaction systems or automated services. Software
or agent systems can be developed to
provide equitable access to particular
services which are otherwise abused
by misbehaving or malicious users.
Such approaches provide a fair and
sustainable operational lifetime. The
proposed strategies rely on a longterm forward thinking perspective
for the trust-based system to flourish
while meeting immediate needs of
the system as well.

Author Information
The authors are with the u.S.
Army research Laboratory, Computational & Information Sciences
Directorate (CISD), u.S. Army
research Laboratory (uSArL),
2800 Powder Mill rd, Adelphi,
MD 20783, u.S.A. Email: jin-hee.
cho.civ@mail.mil.

Acknowledgment
This research was partially supported by the Department of
Defense (DoD) through the office
of the Assistant Secretary of
Defense for research and Engineering (ASD (r&E)). The views
and opinions of the author(s) do
not reflect those of the DoD nor
ASD (r&E). We also thank ArL's
graphic designer, John A. Foster,
for graphics used in this work.

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