IEEE Technology and Society Magazine - December 2017 - 63
NATURE CONSERVANCY
effective and to measure impact and long-term viability.
According to Sandvik et al. [48], while new technology
may offer many opportunities for humanitarian action, it
also presents a number of challenges. Currently, most
of the critical analysis of these potential challenges
takes place in the blogosphere, on tweets, and on listservs. Therefore, there is a strong need for more scholarly engagement on the subject and a clear foundation
of underlying concepts.
To help meet this need, the authors believe there
needs to be a re-conceptualization of what IT for
social impact is because ICT does not exist as an
external variable to be injected from the outside to
bring about certain results [48]. Access to ICT is
embedded in a complex array of factors encompassing
physical, digital, human, and social resources and
DECEMBER 2017
∕
relationships [48]. Content and language, literacy and
education, and community and institutional structures
must all be taken into account if meaningful access to
new technologies is to be provided. For example, while
the digital divide offers the notion of bipolar societal
split [48], there is not a binary division between information haves and have-nots, but rather a gradation
based on different degrees of access to information
technology (IT).
This article sets out to provide a timely reconceptualization of IT for social impact by exploring pragmatic,
commercial, not-for-profit (NFP) and academic lead, collaborative community-based technology for good projects. We take a holistic approach because the problems
communities are facing are not a single discipline.
These require a holistic solution, according to Craig
IEEE TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY MAGAZINE
63
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