BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 65
* Carpenter ants inhabiting or emerging from defect regions
* Termite emergence from internal nests or tunnels
To assess the tree, the tree risk assessor may attempt to estimate the
extent of internal decay by interpreting the location and condition of decay
using indicators of decay and the CODIT model. External indicators of
decay alone may not provide an accurate picture. Striking the tree with a
mallet and listening for tonal differences may aid in estimating the size and
location of internal hollows. When a tree risk assessor desires substantially
more information on the extent of decay to assess the likelihood of failure,
an appropriate advanced assessment may be recommended.
The likelihood of failure associated with decay depends upon the relative amount and location of decay within the tree, the tree size, lean, weight
distribution, exposure to loads, and response growth.
* Sapwood decay or damage. Loss or degradation of sapwood due to
decay, cankers, or mechanical damage can contribute to tree failure.
Sapwood loss is considered more important to stem strength than
decay of heartwood, because wood in the outer part of the stem contributes significantly more to stem strength than does internal wood.
Examples of sapwood damage are certain types of cankers, mechanical injury, animal feeding, and sapwood decay. If excessive amounts
of sapwood are missing from a tree, the tree will be more likely to
fail, unless it has formed sufficient adaptive wood to compensate for
strength loss. If a tree has both external wood loss and internal decay,
the likelihood of failure can be greatly increased because the tree's
Compartmentalization of Decay in Trees (CODIT) is a model
of tree response to wounding and decay. The model describes four
responses, or walls, that the tree uses to exclude or compartmentalize
decay fungi:
1. Plugging of the vessels or tracheids above and below the wound;
the weakest wall.
2. The thick-walled cells of the latewood ring (temperate trees) and
chemical responses.
3. Radial xylem parenchyma and chemical response of the ray cells;
the strongest of the pre-existing walls.
4. The " barrier zone " of new xylem formed after wounding; the
biologically strongest of the four walls.
65
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of BMP - Tree Risk Assessment
Table of Contents
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - Cover1
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - Cover2
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - i
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - ii
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - Table of Contents
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - iv
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 1
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 2
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 3
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 4
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 5
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 6
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 7
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 8
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 9
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 10
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 11
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 12
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 13
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 14
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 15
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 16
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 17
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 18
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 19
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 20
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 21
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 22
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 23
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 24
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 25
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 26
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 27
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 28
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 29
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 30
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 31
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 32
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 33
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 34
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 35
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 36
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 37
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 38
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 39
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 40
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 41
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 42
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 43
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 44
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 45
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 46
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 47
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 48
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 49
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 50
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 51
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 52
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 53
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 54
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 55
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 56
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 57
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 58
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 59
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 60
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 61
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 62
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 63
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 64
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 65
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 66
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 67
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 68
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 69
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 70
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 71
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 72
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 73
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 74
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 75
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 76
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 77
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 78
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 79
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 80
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 81
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 82
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 83
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 84
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 85
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 86
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - Cover3
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 88
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com