BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 66
ability to compensate for strength loss by increasing diameter growth
is severely limited. The likelihood of failure depends on the amount
and location of sapwood that is missing, the amount and type of internal decay, tree size, lean, weight distribution, and exposure to loads.
Tree Architecture
Tree growth and branching characteristics can affect how a tree moves in
the wind, how the load of the crown is distributed, and the tree's stability.
Problems with other structural defects become more significant when tree
architectural abnormalities are present. Tree architectural characteristics to
consider include the following:
* Lean is the angle of the trunk measured from vertical. For most
trees, lean develops as the tree grows away from neighboring trees
or structures, toward light. Trees that lean may be stable for long periods of time. However, leaning trees can be less stable than vertical
trees because weight is unequally distributed over the trunk and root
system. Trees with uncorrected leans and leaning trees on slopes with
saturated or unstable soils are often less stable than straight trees or
those with corrected leans.
Trees may also lean because of a partial failure of the lower stem or
roots, or soil conditions that allow excessive root movement. Trees
that increase in lean over a short time period are of concern and
should be examined promptly. Lifting of the soil on the side of the
tree opposite the direction of lean, or a depression on the side of the
lean, may indicate that the roots or soil are failing. Lean angle can
be determined using several means, including interpretation of photographs or use of a digital level. The residual stability of a leaning
tree may be determined by load tests. The likelihood of failure of a
recently leaning tree is often probable to imminent.
* Corrected leans (sweeps) are characterized by a leaning lower trunk
and a top that is more upright. Trees may develop this form when
growing at the edge of a group. Such trees are stable under normal
conditions, but may be less stable than straight trees under additional
loads. A sweep also may develop when a tree leans due to partial
failure and reaction wood growth has turned the crown upright. The
likelihood of failure increases as the lower trunk angle and crown
weight increase. Trees with corrected leans are often considered to
have a likelihood of failure from improbable to possible.
66
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of BMP - Tree Risk Assessment
Table of Contents
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - Cover1
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - Cover2
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - i
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - ii
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - Table of Contents
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - iv
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 1
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 2
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 3
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 4
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 5
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 6
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 7
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 8
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 9
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 10
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 11
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 12
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 13
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 14
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 15
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 16
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 17
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 18
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 19
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 20
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 21
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 22
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 23
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 24
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 25
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 26
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 27
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 28
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 29
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 30
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 31
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 32
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 33
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 34
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 35
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 36
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 37
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 38
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 39
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 40
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 41
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 42
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 43
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 44
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 45
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 46
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 47
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 48
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 49
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 50
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 51
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 52
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 53
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 54
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 55
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 56
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 57
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 58
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 59
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 60
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 61
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 62
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 63
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 64
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 65
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 66
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 67
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 68
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 69
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 70
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 71
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 72
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 73
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 74
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 75
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 76
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 77
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 78
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 79
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 80
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 81
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 82
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 83
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 84
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 85
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 86
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - Cover3
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 88
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com