BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - 69
*
Overextended branches are those that extend outside the normal
crown area. Branches outside of the normal crown may experience
higher loads during high winds, freezing rain, or snow storms, and
are more likely to fail in these conditions. Horizontal branches tend
to be stronger than those growing at an upward angle, when all other
conditions are equal.
Root Problems
When roots are severed, decayed, broken, undermined, or restricted, they
may provide less anchorage. Other root-related problems, including buried
buttress roots and stem-girdling roots, can affect root decay or response
growth, which, in turn, affects tree stability. In addition to structural problems
with roots, some soils allow excessive movement of structurally strong roots,
especially when saturated, which also can affect stability.
Root problems are often difficult to detect. Soil and site conditions
around the tree can sometimes provide information on changes that have
damaged the root system or affected soil strength. Symptoms to look for
include the following:
* Dead, decayed, or missing roots can be identified by a cavity in the
root collar, a canker that extends to the soil line, or a visibly pruned
or broken root stub. Likelihood of failure increases with the number
of roots that have been cut and with the number of decayed roots, and
can be decreased by the presence of response growth.
* Fungal fruiting structures attached to roots or the root collar area
are definite indicators of root decay. Root decay assessment is an advanced assessment technique that may be recommended or conducted
when definite indicators of decay are present.
* Dead or detached bark indicates that the cambium is dead, and it
is likely that the wood beneath is damaged, decayed, or dysfunctional. If bark is easily removed, the sapwood should be examined
for the presence of fungal mycelium, fans, and rhizomorphs, all of
which are definite indicators of decay.
* Abnormal root flares or fused buttress roots. Larger than normal
flare at the base of the tree and fusing together of buttress roots
may indicate that root decay is present. Both of these conditions
are response growth that may indicate the presence of defects, but
they also add strength to resist bending and aid stability.
69
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of BMP - Tree Risk Assessment
Table of Contents
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - Cover1
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - Cover2
BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - i
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BMP - Tree Risk Assessment - Table of Contents
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