BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 72

Figure 9. The pattern of tree lean can affect the likelihood of failure. Illustrated here from left to right are a
straight lean, a bow, and a corrected lean or sweep.
fig. 14

to failure when other problems are present, such as compromised root
anchorage. An emerging area in the science of biomechanics is assessing the
role of lateral branches and crown architecture in providing mass damping,
reducing peak dynamic loads.
Live Crown Ratio
The ratio of the vertical extent (height) of the live crown to the height of the
entire tree is the live crown ratio (LCR). LCR is affected by growing conditions, pruning history, previous branch failures, or natural branch shedding.
Low LCR most commonly develops naturally where trees are growing in
dense stands, but it can also be created by crown raising. Low LCR can be a
condition of concern, especially if the tree originally developed in forest conditions and was recently exposed to higher wind conditions. Ideally, the LCR
should be greater than 65 percent-that is, the upper 65 percent of the tree
has live branches. When ratios are less than 50 percent, there may be reason for concern when other structural defects are present. In some species,
an LCR less than 33 percent may indicate a higher likelihood of failure. For
some tropical tree species with extremely hard wood (e.g., Casuarina), a low
72



BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment

Table of Contents
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - Cover1
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - Cover2
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - i
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - ii
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - Table of Contents
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - iv
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - v
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - vi
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - vii
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - viii
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - ix
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - x
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - xi
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - xii
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 1
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 2
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 3
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 4
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 5
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 6
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 7
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 8
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 9
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 10
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 11
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 12
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 13
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 14
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 15
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 16
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 17
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 18
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 19
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 20
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 21
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 22
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 23
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 24
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 25
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 26
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 27
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 28
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 29
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 30
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 31
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 32
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 33
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 34
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 35
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 36
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 37
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 38
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 39
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 40
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 41
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 42
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 43
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 44
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 45
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 46
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 47
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 48
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 49
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 50
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 51
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 52
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 53
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 54
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 55
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 56
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 57
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 58
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 59
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 60
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 61
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 62
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 63
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 64
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 65
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 66
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 67
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 68
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 69
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 70
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 71
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 72
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 73
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 74
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 75
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 76
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 77
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 78
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 79
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 80
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 81
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 82
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 83
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 84
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 85
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 86
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 87
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 88
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 89
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 90
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 91
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 92
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 93
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 94
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 95
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - Cover4
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com