BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - 74

Root problems can be very difficult to detect during Limited Visual and Basic
assessments. Soil and site conditions around the tree can often provide information on changes that have damaged the root system or affected soil strength.
Symptoms to look for include the following:
* Dead, decayed, or missing roots can be identified by a cavity
in the root collar, a canker that extends to the soil line, or a visibly
pruned or broken root stub. Likelihood of failure increases with the
number of roots that have been cut, increases with the number of
decayed roots, and can be decreased by the presence of response
growth.
* Fungal fruiting structures attached to roots or the root collar
area are definite indicators of root decay. Root decay assessment is
an advanced assessment technique that may be recommended or
conducted when positive indicators of decay are present.
* Dead or detached bark indicates that the cambium is dead, and
it is likely that the wood beneath is damaged, decayed, or dysfunctional. If bark is easily removed, the sapwood should be examined
for the presence of fungal mycelium, fans, and rhizomorphs, all of
which are positive indicators of decay.
* Abnormal root flares or fused buttress roots. Larger than
normal flare at the base of the tree and fusing together of buttress
roots may indicate that root decay is present. Both of these conditions are response growths that may indicate the presence of defects,
but they also add strength to resist bending and aid stability.
* Buried root collar. For most tree species, if the buttress roots
Visual indicators of root/soil defects that may indicate reduced stability
* Dead or missing roots
* Fungal fruiting structures
* Lack of root flare
* Stem-girdling roots
* Dead or loose bark

* Wounded roots
* Root cuts
* Soil mounding or
cracking
* Crown dieback or decline

* Restricted root space
* Soil erosion
* Excessive soil moisture
* Adventitious roots
* Termite nests/mounds at
tree base

Visual indicators of compensation that may increase stability
* Wide root flare
74

* Fused root buttress



BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment

Table of Contents
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - Cover1
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - Cover2
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - i
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - ii
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - Table of Contents
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - iv
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - v
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - vi
BMP - Utility Tree Risk Assessment - vii
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