Modern Age - Fall 2015 - 141

REVIEWS

with roots in the New Deal quickly became controlled by certain
interest groups, and hence a vehicle for private aggrandizement
rather than the common good.
Cost does not condemn particular government policies or
programs, such as industrial regulation or the social welfare provisions of Social Security; rather, he evaluates these programs within
the context of the particular government institutions implementing them, finding that those institutions were never designed to
handle such exercises of power. And the inevitable corruption
resulting from this institutional overtaxing spreads through the
web of interest groups created by the growth of government and
that now populate the political landscape.
In response to new government programs, interest groups
organize to secure benefits under those programs. They lobby
for bigger programs, thereby increasing their own power, which
in turn is used to lobby for more government programs. This is
how corruption accompanies the growth of government power:
the institutions of government fall prey to the special interests,
because those institutions have not been updated to manage
the vast new powers asserted by government.
In its analysis of interest groups, A Republic No More takes up
where Theodore Lowi's famous 1969 book on interest-group
liberalism left off. In The End of Liberalism, Lowi observed that
interest groups had proliferated since the Great Depression and
predicted that the new interest-group society would entrench
itself in the political process, threatening the pursuit of the common good. Cost demonstrates how the interest-group liberalism
decried by Lowi has led to today's crony capitalism and its widespread corruption. Moreover, in his subsequent chapters on various contemporary policy domains like Medicare and Fannie Mae,
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