Modern Age - Winter 2016 - 117

REVIEWS

Perhaps the greatest paradox of all is Whitefield's legacy. Arguably the first preacher and promoter of the born-again experience
on an unprecedented scale, Whitefield's reputation is confined
largely to histories of eighteenth-century Protestantism. Although
he clearly embodied the recent fad of Calvinism among evangelical Protestant millennials, which Time magazine in 2009 dubbed
one of the top ten ideas "changing the world," the teens and
young adults who flocked to the New Calvinism's conferences put
on their T-shirts not George Whitefield but Jonathan Edwards.
Is it the case that Whitefield is one more instance of a celebrity
who teaches lessons about the short shelf life of fame? As the
first to create and refine the sensation of large mass meetings
designed to generate heightened experiences of grace-also
known as revivals-Whitefield blazed the so-called saw-dust trail
that subsequent American evangelists such as Charles Finney,
Dwight L. Moody, Billy Sunday, and Billy Graham walked. For that
reason, evangelical Protestants would be a natural constituency
to keep Whitefield's contributions alive. Other Protestants, both
mainline and churchly, would be more likely to identify with
Whitefield's critics, who faulted the evangelist for promoting an
enthusiastic faith that undermined attachments to received patterns of church life.
For historians of the North American British colonies, Whitefield
stands out as the most popular figure of the colonial awakenings,
but his influence beyond these religious events are negligible.
Perhaps the greatest indication of Whitefield's stature in colonial
America was the curiosity of Patriot soldiers in 1775 led by the
future turncoat, Benedict Arnold, raiding Whitefield's tomb in
Newburyport to obtain pieces of his clothes in hopes of obtaining divine favor in upcoming battles. The failure of the Quebec
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Modern Age - Winter 2016

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