Modern Age - Winter 2017 - 11

THE MARSHALL PLAN

years immediately following the Second World War, "Realpolitik
and the perception of the evermore menacing Cold War made it
inevitable that Marshall Plan aid . . . would become a weapon in
the . . . conflict."1
Postwar conservatives were leery of fighting the Cold War on
these terms. Indeed, in this period, conservatism was on the cusp
of an epochal transformation-away from isolationist Old Right
nationalism and toward New Right internationalism, fused with
free-market libertarianism and social traditionalism. The view of
fervently anti-Communist, National Review-type conservatives
like James Burnham was that mere containment of Communism
was not only passive but also immoral. Containment doctrine too
readily acceded to the Cold War standoff and to the permanent
coexistence of both sides of the Iron Curtain. Leaders of fifties
conservatism, therefore, spoke of rolling back both New Deal liberalism and Soviet gains in Eastern Europe.2
And yet conservatives such as James Burnham and Joseph
McCarthy should have appreciated containment in general, and
George C. Marshall in particular, as representative of solid conservative principles. For the most part they did not. In 1950, on the
floor of the United States Senate, William Jenner, a McCarthyite
senator from Indiana, called General Marshall "a front man for
traitors" and "a living lie," apparently because Marshall, Jenner
supposed, was in league with the administration's Communist
appeasers, who, guided and directed by Harry Truman and Dean
Acheson, were "selling America down the river."3
Understandably, by the early 1950s Marshall could feel more
set upon by militant right-wingers than by Communists. When
he received the Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo in 1953, three young
reporters from the local Communist newspaper protested by
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Modern Age - Winter 2017

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Modern Age - Winter 2017

Contents
Modern Age - Winter 2017 - Cover1
Modern Age - Winter 2017 - Cover2
Modern Age - Winter 2017 - Contents
Modern Age - Winter 2017 - 2
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