Modern Age - Winter 2017 - 16

MODERN AGE

WINTER 2017

thus "promote self-reliance, distinguish Washington's policy from
Moscow's, and respect the interests of American taxpayers." Its
goal was "independence, not dependence."10
Similarly, Russell Kirk favored a foreign policy that accepted,
in his words, "the diversity of economic and political institutions
throughout the world. Soviet hegemony ought not to be succeeded by American hegemony." He saluted the West's victory
in the Cold War, but he rejected U.S.-led crusades for democracy
or capitalism as universal solutions to all the world's problems.
While conservatives should participate in "the defense of order
and justice and freedom," he wrote, they should do so by means
of "a soundly conservative foreign policy" that will be neither
interventionist nor isolationist but prudent.11
The Marshall Plan would seem to meet Kirk's admittedly rather
loose criteria. He would have doubted the practical wisdom of a
"Global Marshall Plan," which liberal politicians in the past thirty
years have sometimes ventured to promote. In large measure,
the ERP achieved what it did because of underlying affinities
between the United States and much of Western Europe. Valuable prerequisites to success included hospitable political and
economic conditions-functioning court systems to enforce contracts, respect for private property and free markets, democratic
institutions, entrepreneurial talent-as well as skilled personnel
and complementary goals.12

C

onservatives criticized the Marshall Plan mainly because of
its cost and its large-scale intervention in the economies of
Western Europe. For example, Republican leader Robert Taft
(Ohio), a consistent opponent of high taxes and big government,
disparaged the ERP, calling it a "European TVA," a Rooseveltian
16 				moder nagejour nal .com



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Modern Age - Winter 2017

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Modern Age - Winter 2017

Contents
Modern Age - Winter 2017 - Cover1
Modern Age - Winter 2017 - Cover2
Modern Age - Winter 2017 - Contents
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