Modern Age - Winter 2018 - 82

Modern Age

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Winter 2018

accomplish no action that is not commanded by a magistrate of
the city, unless he himself is a magistrate, in which case he commands other citizens for the time and within the scope of his
office.
This perspective, which is oriented by the question of command, does not derive from some particular value attached to the
superiority or inequality implied in commanding, or from some
special taste for this inequality or superiority, nor from any overall
conception of the world, from a "hierarchical conception" of the
natural and human world, as is often said lazily and repeated confidently in dealing, for example, with Aristotle. This perspective is
tied directly to a way of understanding practical life and action.
The practical good, which has no existence outside of the action
that aims at it and produces it, is as it were at every moment on
the verge of being lost, or degraded, or of being abandoned. And
at every moment it is the proper and personal aim of whoever
has received or who claims particular responsibility for this good,
and who breaks with the inertia in which human life naturally
sinks or gets bogged down, to command and to begin the action
that preserves or improves, the "perfecting" action, with a view
to this good.
This articulation of the command and obedience that constitute complete action has been relaxed or diluted, and thus lost to
view, in the conditions of modern society and freedom, in which
the irresistible power of the state and its sovereignty impose the
framework and the habit of equal rights, and thus offer a life that
ignores command as well as obedience, at least ostensibly or
apparently, a life that we call "free," in which each is busy pressing
his rights and seeking his interests. Command has not entirely
disappeared-far from it; it is even seen as legitimate within the
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Modern Age - Winter 2018

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Contents
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Modern Age - Winter 2018 - Contents
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