MACS Monthly Newsletter - 2022 - AUG4

Resistance
Another element of the water analogy was a comparison
of resistance to a kinked hose. Yes, with the
hose kinked little to no water can pass through. In
the electrical circuit, though, we aren't physically
kinking the wires, are we?
Let me ask you this. If the hose is not kinked, does
that mean that there is no resistance to the water's
flow?
What about the frictional drag caused by the water
passing through the hose itself?
Resistance is anything that prevents electrons
from moving from one atom to another uninhibited.
EVERYTHING in an electrical circuit has some
resistance. See Figure 5. Copper wiring has resistance,
but it is extremely low (conductive) because
the copper atom only has one electron in its outer
ring. It 's relatively easy to knock that sucker loose!
Atoms with 4 or more atoms in their outer ring are
pretty tough to break loose, making them highly resistant
(or nonconductive).
It can also come in unwanted forms, and these
are the sources of high resistance that will be at
the heart of the problem you are trying to diagnose.
Some examples include corrosion in a wiring connector,
a burnt connection within the connector, a
loose pin fit within a connector, or a loose ground
connection at a body fitting. See Figure 6. v
Figure 5: Every device in an electrical circuit has some
amount of resistance. Here we're measuring the resistance
across the filament of a sealed beam headlamp at
1.1 ohms. A quick calculation (12 volts divided by 1.1 ohms)
says this bulb should draw about 10.9 amps.
Figure 6: When searching for potential high-resistance
connections, suspect body grounds and other connections
at painted or rusty metal surfaces.
Consider the Electrical Circuit
There is only one reason for an electrical circuit.
We want it to DO something! Open a window, turn
on a headlight, speed up the blower motor or power
an ECU - just to name a few. And all electrical circuits
share 5 common elements.
First, the device we want doing the work for us.
That 's the LOAD. And as I just mentioned, it is anything
on the vehicle's electrical system that actually
performs the task we want accomplished.
And I want you to remember this.
As I said earlier, everything in an electrical cirAugust
2022
4
MACS Service Reports
Steve Schaeber
Steve Schaeber

MACS Monthly Newsletter - 2022

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