NFPA Journal - July/August 2018 - 32
MANAGING
IMPACT OF SCALE A public area in the
Venetian Macau. As building size grows,
experts say, the commissioning and testing
processes become correspondingly
more complex.
the facility built. The fire commissioning
agent needs to be aware of this fact and
make all parties aware of these testing
needs during both the design and construction phases.
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Allow for phased system testing
and control group testing
The construction phase is defined in
NFPA 4 as "the phase during which the
systems and materials are fabricated
and installed, tested, and accepted."
NFPA 4 requires end-to-end system
32 | NFPA JOURNAL * J U L Y /A U G U S T 2 0 1 8
testing: that is, a test from the first
input of the first system to the last
output of the last system. The purpose
of the end-to-end test is to observe
the response of the applicable system
components rather than to measure the
performance of the overall system. The
standard allows control group testing
to meet the goal of integrated system
testing, which is to "demonstrate that
the final integrated system installation
complies with the specific design objectives for the project and applicable
codes and standards."
A common challenge among our
Macau projects is the integrated commissioning of the fire detection and
signaling system, which is the common
integration hub for the majority of fire
protection systems. Besides providing
fire detection, it is common for the
system to monitor and control a wide
variety of associated systems, including
sprinkler and alternate fire suppression systems, smoke control, access
control, HVAC, elevators, escalators,
background music, lighting, and others.
Megaoccupancies make it impractical
and virtually impossible to test every
aspect and function of the system concurrently; the fire alarm system for the
Venetian Macau, which includes the
Parisian and the Plaza Macao, has over
25,000 addressable fire alarm points,
and every possible variable cannot realistically be accounted for in integrated
testing.
Although it may not be necessary
to witness the performance-associated
function every time the initiating device
is activated, NFPA 72®, National Fire
Alarm and Signaling Code®, requires the
verification of "emergency control function interface device activation" during
initial, reacceptance, and periodic
testing. The challenge is to accomplish
this in an extremely large integrated
system with interconnected systems
and functions that will not be ready for
testing at the same time. For example, in
a high-rise with a control group of over
100 smoke detectors that will recall an
elevator when individually activated, it
is not necessary to recall the elevator
over 100 times when testing those individual smoke detectors. This is where a
control group test can come into play-it
is acceptable to develop testing scenarios
that verify the activation of all relevant
fire detection control devices related
to elevator recall when the initiating
devices within the control group are
activated, provided the scenario includes
the actual recall of the elevator during
the testing of at least one initiating
device in the control group.
Our testing approach is to verify
the function, such as elevator recall,
with the activation of the first and last
device within the initiating control
group. The first device ensures that
GETT Y IMAGES
MAGNITUDE
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of NFPA Journal - July/August 2018
Contents
NFPA Journal - July/August 2018 - Cover1
NFPA Journal - July/August 2018 - Cover2
NFPA Journal - July/August 2018 - 1
NFPA Journal - July/August 2018 - Contents
NFPA Journal - July/August 2018 - 3
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