IEEE Electrification Magazine - December 2019 - 20

TECHNOLOGY LEADERS

power conversion, were reviewed
onboard power system topology
and discussed. Ship electrification is
stands out for its simplicity and effi-
growing fast, and many vessels are
ciency. However, with shipboard
being retrofitted to hybrid electric
power demand rising, developing
propulsion as a transitional step
safety and protection methodolo-
before the field of marine electric
gies for dc systems in high voltage
power and propul-
and power applica-
sion matures. On the
tions is a challenge.
Creating a safer,
other hand, many
Emerg ing solid-
greener, and cleaner
marine engineers are
state materials and
ocean is the major
not familiar with the
ad vanced control
motive driving the
emerging concepts in
methodologies may
the marine industry,
soon enable engi-
marine industry.
such as onboard power
neers to cope with
electronics, hybrid
the issue and help
power systems, and the associated
to realize green marine transporta-
controllers in the different power
tion through ship electrification.
system levels. Therefore, this article
provided an extensive overview of
For Further Reading
shipboard systems, including power
E. Skjong, R. Volden, E. Rødskar, M. Moli-
electronic converters, power sys-
nas, T. A. Johansen, and J. Cunningham,
tem architecture, different control
"Past, present, and future challenges of
the marine vessel's electrical power
levels and methods for converter-
system," IEEE Trans. Transport. Electrific.,
based systems, and design and oper-
vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 522-537, Dec. 2016. doi:
ating challenges.
10.1109/TTE.2016.2552720.
Shipboard power converter appli-
M. K. Zadeh, L. M. Saublet, R. Gavag-
cations for conventional ac and
saz-Ghoachani, B. Nahid-Mobarakeh, S.
Pierfederici, and M. Molinas, "Energy
emerging dc distribution systems
management and stabilization of a
were covered, including hybrid elec-
hybrid DC microgrid for transportation
tric ships with batteries, fuel cells,
applications," in Proc. IEEE Appl. Power
and diesel engines. Different control
Electron. Conf. Expo. - APEC, 2016, pp. 3397-
methodologies, including MPC-
3402. doi: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7468355.
DNV GL, "Rules for classification
based, hybrid switch mode, and the
ships: Part 4 -systems and compo-
overall control structure for the effi-
nents-Chapter 8 electrical installa-
cient operation of power converters,
tions," 2018. [Online]. Available: http://
were discussed. Moreover, the exist-
rules.dnvgl.com/docs/pdf/DNVGL/
ing challenges related to the design
RU-SHIP/2018-01/DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt4
Ch8.pdf
and operation of power converters
K. Kim, K. Park, G. Roh, and K. Chun,
(faults, stability, and protection) were
"DC-grid system for ships: A study of
presented with mitigation method-
benefits and technical considerations,"
ologies and regulations from classifi-
J. Int. Marit. Safety, Environ. Aff. Shipp., vol.
cation societies. Also, progressive
2, no. 1, pp. 1-12, 2018.
ABS, "Guide for direct current (DC)
techniques for charging hybrid-ship
power distribution systems for
batteries were examined.
marine and offshore applications,"
Creating a safer, greener, and
2018. [Online]. Available: https://ww2.
cleaner ocean is the major motive
eagle.org/content/dam/eagle/rules
driving the marine industry, regulato-
-and-guides/current/other/293-guide
-direct-current-power-distribution-
ry authorities, and research institutes
s y s t e m s -2018/DC_Power_Guide_
to develop better solutions for emis-
e-July18.pdf
sions reduction as well as efficiency
T. Ericsen, N. Hingorani, and Y.
improvements. Hybrid electric and
Khersonsky, "Power electronics and
pure electric ships are major steps
future marine electrical systems," IEEE
Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 155-
toward attaining that goal. The dc

20

I E E E E l e c t r i f i cati o n M agaz ine / DECEMBER 2019

163, Jan.-Feb. 2006. doi: 10.1109/
TIA.2005.861306.
S. Bernet, "Recent developments of
high power converters for industry
a n d traction applications," IEEE
Trans. Power Electron., vol. 15, no. 6, pp.
1102-1117, Nov. 2000. doi: 10.1109/
63.892825.
M. K. Zadeh, R. Gavagsaz-Ghoachani,
S. Pierfederici, B. Nahid-Mobarakeh,
and M. Molinas, "Stability analysis
of hybrid AC/DC power systems for
More Electric Aircraft," in Proc. IEEE
Appl. Power Electron. Conf. Expo. - APEC,
2016, pp. 446-452. doi: 10.1109/APEC
.2016.7467910.
G. Guidi, J. A. Suul, F. Jenset, and I.
Sorfonn, "Wireless charging for ships:
High-power inductive charging for bat-
tery electric and plug-in hybrid ves-
sels," IEEE Electrific. Mag., vol. 5, no. 3, pp.
22-32, Sept. 2017.
M. K. Zadeh, R. Gavagsaz-Ghoachani,
J. P. Martin, B. Nahid-Mobarakeh, S. Pier-
federici, and M. Molinas, "Discrete-time
modeling, stability analysis, and active
stabilization of DC distribution systems
with multiple constant power loads,"
IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 52, no. 6, pp.
4888-4898, 2016.

Biographies
Pramod Ghimire (pramod.ghimire@
ntnu.no) is with the Department of
Marine Technology, Norwegian Uni-
versity of Science and Technology,
Trondheim, Norway, and Kongsberg
Digital, Horten, Norway.
Daeseong Park (daeseong.park@
ntnu.no) is with the Department of
Marine Technology, Norwegian Uni-
versity of Science and Technology,
Trondheim, Norway.
Mehdi Karbalaye Zadeh (mehdi
.zadeh@ntnu.no) is with the De -
partment of Marine Technology,
Norwegian University of Science and
Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Jarle T h o r s t e n s e n (jarle.thor
stensen@kdi.kongsberg.com) is with
Kongsberg Digital, Horten, Norway.
Eilif Pedersen (eilif.pedersen@ntnu
.no) is with the Department of Marine
Technology, Norwegian University
of Science and Technology, Trond-
heim, Norway.

https://rules.dnvgl.com/docs/pdf/dnvgl/ru-ship/2017-01/DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt4Ch8.pdf https://rules.dnvgl.com/docs/pdf/dnvgl/ru-ship/2017-01/DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt4Ch8.pdf https://rules.dnvgl.com/docs/pdf/dnvgl/ru-ship/2017-01/DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt4Ch8.pdf https://rules.dnvgl.com/docs/pdf/dnvgl/ru-ship/2017-01/DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt4Ch8.pdf https://www.eagle.org/content/dam/eagle/rulesandguides/current/other/293guidedirectcurrentpowerdistributionsystems2018/DC_Power_Guide_eJuly18.pdf https://www.eagle.org/content/dam/eagle/rulesandguides/current/other/293guidedirectcurrentpowerdistributionsystems2018/DC_Power_Guide_eJuly18.pdf https://www.eagle.org/content/dam/eagle/rulesandguides/current/other/293guidedirectcurrentpowerdistributionsystems2018/DC_Power_Guide_eJuly18.pdf https://www.eagle.org/content/dam/eagle/rulesandguides/current/other/293guidedirectcurrentpowerdistributionsystems2018/DC_Power_Guide_eJuly18.pdf https://www.eagle.org/content/dam/eagle/rulesandguides/current/other/293guidedirectcurrentpowerdistributionsystems2018/DC_Power_Guide_eJuly18.pdf https://www.eagle.org/content/dam/eagle/rulesandguides/current/other/293guidedirectcurrentpowerdistributionsystems2018/DC_Power_Guide_eJuly18.pdf

IEEE Electrification Magazine - December 2019

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification Magazine - December 2019