IEEE Electrification - December 2021 - 3

Albertus. The author articulates the
importance of long duration energy
storage for time shift of renewable
generation to mitigate seasonal and
diurnal issues. He also indicates that
energy storage with 12-h duration is
necessary for a power system with a
50% or higher penetration of wind
and solar generation.
In the first feature article, " The
New Kid on the Block, " Skeath et al.,
discuss the applications and benefits
from battery storage and hybrid
power plants. It offers a full view of
design, planning, and operation considerations
at the component, plant,
and system levels of battery storage
and hybrid power plants. The article
emphasizes that battery storage and
hybrid plants bring more than one
application to the system and such
multiple applications should be fully
utilized to support the bulk power
system reliability.
In the second feature article, " GridScale
Energy Storage Systems, " Chalamala
et al., review the safety hazards
large-scale energy storage of various
kinds-lithium-ion battery systems,
aqueous battery systems, pumped
hydro storage, and fly wheels-would
bring to the power system, the environment,
and people, with a particular
emphasis on system-level safety
issues. For example, even though the
failure rate of a single battery cell is
very low (< one in 1 million), there are
100,000 cells in a large-scale MWh
battery system. The system-level failure
rate is much higher.
In the third feature article, " The
Codes and Standards Facilitating the
Design and Adoption of Energy Storage
for Power System Applications, "
McDowall et al., discuss recent development
of codes and standards for
battery systems, concerning safety,
integration, and operation. The codes
and standards include IEEE P2800,
IEEE 1547, IEEE 929, IEEE 1679, UL
1973, UL 1991, UL 1998, UL 9540, UL
1741, and the International Fire Code
and the National Fire Protection
Association fire codes, across component
and system levels.
In the fourth feature article,
" Emerging Best Practices for Modeling
Energy Storage in Integrated
Resource Plans, " Jeremy Twitchell and
Alan Cooke examine an important
step for large-scale energy storage
deployment, i.e., integrated resource
planning (IRP). With their uniquely
flexible and scalable nature, energy
storage technologies can provide a
wide variety of grid services for the
future power system. Such grid services
need to be properly represented
in the IRP process. This article identifies
specific practices at leading utilities
for accurately evaluating the
costs and benefits of energy storage
in the IRP process. By identifying
these practices, this article can
inform utilities, regulators, and other
IRP stakeholders in improving the
representation of energy storage in
IRP processes.
In the fifth feature article, " UtilityScale
Shared Energy Storage, " Ben-Idris
et al. discuss the implementation
and application of utility-scale
shared energy storage (USES) systems
and challenges related to building
business models that manage
interactions between utilities and
customers. The article also reviews
potential applications and grid services
as well as equity and reliability
USES can offer; technical challenges
and requirements to implement
these services are discussed. Survey
data for customer willingness to
lease virtual blocks of USES systems
are also presented.
The sixth feature article focuses
on the hyperloop technology. " Evolving
Toward a Scalable Hyperloop
Technology " is authored by Jonas
Kristiansen Nøland and provides a
different but relevant view on energy
storage in future hyperloop applications.
Hyperloop provides an
alternative approach to conventional
transportation with reduced carbon
emissions, among many other
benefits. The pulsating nature of the
hyperloop operation creates a highly
stressful load profile. The onboard
energy storage system can be used to
mitigate this pulsating issue in a
cost-effective manner.
The seventh feature article is our
second on hyperloop technology.
" Evacuated-Tube, High-Speed, Autonomous
Maglev (Hyperloop) Transport
System for Long-Distance Travel " by
Lluesma et al., continues the discussion
of the hyperloop technology by
comparing multiple implementations
for long-distance travel in
terms of their power and pressure
requirements. Its comparison with
conventional aircrafts clearly indicates
hyperloop's advantages on
global efficiency by always operating
within designed conditions. This article
also points out the carbon reduction
benefits by hyperloop.
This issue wraps up with the
" Viewpoint " column, where Eric
Hsieh presents " Scaling up to LongDuration
Storage. " The author reviews
the historical perspective of
energy storage development from
the first MW-scale pumped hydro
storage in late 1920s to today's more
than 20-GW storage in operation.
Such development is compared with
that of parallel technologies such as
LED lighting, modern computing, and
power generation, to gain insights of
accelerating diverse and disruptive
technologies. The U.S. Department of
Energy's Long Duration Energy Storage
Earthshot uses the metric kWhcycle
and sets a target of 5 cents per
kWh-cycle Levelized Cost of Storage
to drive energy storage development.
Enjoy the Issue
We hope you enjoy the diverse and
comprehensive views in this issue.
If you would like to submit an article
or would like a specific topic to
be addressed in future issues,
please contact the editorial board at
electrification@ieee.org.
IEEE Electrification Magazine / DECEMBER 2021
3
IEEE Electrification - December 2021

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