IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2017 - 57
novel Paradigm: Isolated and
Self-Contained Microgrids
A typical remote microgrid is composed of dispersed
sources and loads. The power supplies in conventional
remote microgrids are commonly diesel generators,
whereas emerging sources based on renewable energy
have been extensively used in remote microgrids in
recent years. Meanwhile, thermal devices are also taken
into account, which can be used to participate in demand
response and are regarded as thermal storage to mitigate
power mismatch between sources of electricity and loads.
As an aggregated entity, a combined heat and power
(CHP) system is established to use electric and thermal
devices to complement each other. In recent practice, the
configuration and enabling devices in remote microgrids
may vary on the basis of the requirements of different
power ratings. As reported by Schneider Electric Co. in
their VILLASOL and VILLASMART product series, differ-
ent types of remote microgrid configurations are
deployed for different power ratings. For remote micro-
grids with power ratings ranging from 2 to 4 kW, a com-
bined solar and battery solution is adopted, whereas for
systems with power ratings ranging from 6 to 24 kW, die-
sel generators are integrated to further support the sys-
tem by assisting the battery in the charging and
discharging process. These different configurations are
depicted in Figure 1. Note that solar panels as shown in
these configurations are just for illustration; in actual
remote microgrid applications, they can be replaced by
other types of RESs or combined with other RESs to miti-
gate the intermittency.
In terms of the types of electricity, most of the existing
remote microgrids rely on ac because most sources and
loads are designed for ac coupling. However, dc remote
IEEE Electrific ation Magazine / j une 2 0 1 7
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