IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 15

25-kW
P4

25-kW
P3

25-kW
P2

15-kW
P2

25-kW
P0/P1

15-kW
P0/P1

12-V
Stop/Start
(Baseline)

Fuel-Consumption Improvement (%)

0-100 km/h Time (s)

using a P4 system on a 1,425-kg
vehicle with low aerodynamic resis4
tance. P4 systems typically offer
5
110 kW
high recuperation potential due to
HV P2
6
low losses in the recuperation path.
DHT
7
In the drive cycles evaluated, the
110 kW
eBoosted
8
HV P2
relative recuperation power level
eBoosted
9
Baseline
is between 5-28% for the given
Performance
10
vehicle. A maximum recuperation
Target
11 D E
power of 15 kW is enough to gain
25 kW
ow ng
all energy in the four cycles for this
12
ns ine
48-V P2
izi
10 kW
ng
type of vehicle. Vehicles with dif13
2L
1.5 L
48-V P0
ferent mass, driving resistance,
14
185
180
175
170
165
160
155
150
145
and MHEV architectures will differ
CO
WLTC
(g/km)
2
in the recuperation power and
ratio between recuperation and
Figure 8. The P0, P2, eBooster, and downsizing performance and efficiency tradeoffs. DHT: dedicated
driving energy.
Comparing the cycles, it can be hybrid transmission; HV: hybrid vehicle.
observed that the FTP75 offers the
highest recuperation potential followed by the NEDC, WLTC, and U.S.
48-V System Fuel-Consumption Improvement Comparison
HWY with a very low percentage.
20
As a result, the relative fuel-econo18
my benefit in Europe might be
16
reduced by the switch from the
14
NEDC to the WLTC. However, if
12
comparing the future WLTP homol10
ogation with the U.S. two-cycle
8
evaluation, a similar benefit by
6
mild hybridization can be expect4
ed in the evaluated case of 18.4
2
versus 17.7%.
0
There is a natural tradeoff
between electrical system power,
system architecture, and vehicle
parameters that enables energy
Range of Improvement
recovery. The WLTC was used to
compare the P4 system recuperation potential in Figure 7 and sev- Figure 9. The fuel-consumption benefits by system.
eral conclusions can be made. It is
shown that wheel torque benefits
fuel economy up to 800 Nm and additional torque contributes to drivability. The maximum operating speed for
mild hybrid systems should be set to above 80 km/h and
additional benefits exist up to 135 km/h. Finally, increasing power leads to more regeneration with returns
diminishing more than 30 kW. Overall, power should be
prioritized over torque and active speed when optimizing for regeneration.

Efficiency and Performance
The benefits of 48-V mild hybrid electrification
include increased power, significant energy recuperation, and reduced fuel consumption ranging from 5
to 20%. Mild electrification can lower engine losses
through engine downsizing, down speeding, decreased

Figure 10. The BorgWarner SW 270 stator.

IEEE Elec trific ation Magazine / J UNE 2 0 2 0

15

IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020

Contents
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - Cover1
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - Cover2
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - Contents
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 2
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 3
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 4
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IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - Cover3
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2013
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2013
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