IEEE Electrification - June 2022 - 72

conditions. The Phase 1 experimental rig is shown in Figure
6 including the combustion chamber and downstream
flow measurement and regulating devices. The rig includes
optical access windows for hydrogen flame visualization
(Figure 7). All of the necessary health and safety protocols
have been implemented to allow hydrogen combustion
experiments at high temperature and pressure and the use of
laser diagnostic instrumentation for data acquisition. The
data being acquired from the experimental campaign are
being used to evaluate, validate, and calibrate the CFD
models. The Phase 1 study will identify suitable injector
geometries for the larger-scale Phase 2 studies.
Phase 2: Annular Combustor Segment Performance
Assessment and Emissions Measurement
Phase 2 will combine experimental and complementary
CFD numerical studies to:
x demonstrate that the down-selected injector geometry
and injector-array configurations (in Phase 1) can be
scaled to full-size combustor configurations without compromising
NOx emissions and combustion efficiency
Figure 3. A hydrogen micromix injector prototype. (Source: Cranfield
University; used with permission.)
H2/Air Offset
Mixing Distance
x provide proof of concept that the combustor outlet
temperature profile and potential combustion instabilities
can be controlled by varying fuel scheduling
to different parts of the injector array.
h
Air Inlet
H2 Inlet
Aspect Ratio = h/d
d
H2 Injection Diameter
Figure 4. A hydrogen micromix injector design variables. (Source: Cranfield University; used with
permission.)
Phase 3: Subatmospheric
Altitude Relight
Capability Test
Phase 3 will mainly focus on testing
the weak extinction and altitude
relight of the selected
micromix injector at subatmospheric
conditions as well as
numerically modeling the process.
The aim is to determine the
limits on conditions for which it
is possible to achieve successful
ignition and to demonstrate the
NOx
Simulations With FGM
and Thermal NOx Model
Promising Designs
Momentum Flex Ratio J
* Purely Diffusion
* Reduced Flame Interaction by
High Jet Penetration
Figure 5. The influence of hydrogen micromix injector design variables on NOx emissions. (Source: Cranfield University; used with permission.)
72
IEEE Electrification Magazine / JUNE 2022

IEEE Electrification - June 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification - June 2022

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