IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2018 - 59

Stationary Fuel Cell
Offices and
Conference Room

440-Bar
H2 Storage

H2 FC Vehicle
H2 Dispenser
H2 IC Vehicle

Low-Pressure H2 Storage

Electrolyzer

CH4 Storage

Compression
Low Stage and
High Stage

H2/CH4 Vehicle
CH4 and
Mixture
Dispenser

2 × PV power

Figure 6. The Baglan Hydrogen Centre principles of operation.

carried out to identify potential risks, including suitable system venting and draining, as well as a risk assessment
under the Dangerous substances and explosive atmosphere regulations. a hazardous area assessment was conducted to identify safe distances from the installed
equipment. this has provided a valuable learning opportunity for the Island hydrogen project, with the incorporation
of current regulations, codes, and standards remaining a
challenge for hydrogen energy installations.

Field Experiment Outcomes

150

100

40

50

20

0
10

11

12
13
Time (date)

Stack Current
Stack Voltage
H2 Pressure

14

15

0

Temperature (°C) and H2 Pressure (Bar)

Figure 7. The HPac40 installation at the Baglan Hydrogen Centre.

Stack Current (A) and Stack Voltage (V)

Between 10 July and the end of november 2014, the electrolyzer operated for 775 h, generating a total of 109 kg of
hydrogen. this included continuous runs of 209, 191.5,
168.5, and 112 h. Figure 8 shows the operation of the electrolyzer in the hydrogen-generation mode over a five-day
period, i.e., 10-15 December 2013. the system consistently
operated at roughly 85 V with a hydrogen pressure of
14 bar and the stack current fluctuating between 100 and
120 a. any fluctuations in the stack voltage lead to exaggerated fluctuations in the stack current due to the shape
of the electrolyzer I-V curve.
when not in hydrogen-generation mode, the electrolyzer maintained a small voltage and current to ensure it
was not damaged by low temperatures, a process called
the frost-protection mode. Figure 9 shows the electrolyzer
operating in this mode on 4 november 2013. a nominal
voltage of 0.8 V is maintained until the stack temperature
falls close to 5 °c. when the stack temperature falls to
5 °c, the voltage increases to raise the stack temperature.
the trial demonstrated the electrolyzer's ability to generate hydrogen year round and for prolonged periods. operational data were shared with the Island hydrogen

Ambient Temperature
Stack Temperature

Figure 8. HPac40 in hydrogen-generation 10-15 December 2013.

	

IEEE Electrific ation Magazine / Ma r c h 201 8

59



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2018

Contents
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IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2018 - Cover2
IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2018 - Contents
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2022
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2020
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2017
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2014
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