IEEE Electrification - March 2022 - 59

dip in voltage. Initially, this occurs at approximately 0 kvar
but shoots up to three-times rated before settling as the
voltage recovers. By effectively responding to the voltage
dip instantaneously, the 46-MW synchronous wind power
plant played its part alongside the larger generators online
at the time (typically totaling 4,000 MW) to ensure that New
Zealand's national grid could achieve a rapid and stable
return to normal operation. Figure 11(d) and (e) presents the
instantaneous voltage and current from the generator and
shows the turbine remaining online and returning to the
approximate prefault levels shortly afterward. Note that the
peak current on one phase is nearly five times the rated
current (it was at rated before the disturbance) and that this
peak precedes the maximum voltage dip.
1.1
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Time (s)
(a)
1
2
3
4
5
Time (s)
(b)
-1
1
2
3
Time (s)
(c)
0.5
1
-0.5
-1
Time (s)
(d)
-5
-3
-1
1
3
5
(e)
Figure 11. The measured voltage fault response of a Windflow 500 Type-5 wind turbine. p.u.: per unit; RMS: root mean square. (a) RMS voltage,
(b) RMS current, (c) active and reactive power, (d) instantaneous voltage, and (e) instantaneous current.
IEEE Electrification Magazine / MARCH 2022
59
Current, L1
Current, L2
Current, L3
Voltage, L1
Voltage, L2
Voltage, L3
Real Power
Reactive Power
Generator Current
Grid Voltage
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2 0.22 0.24
Time (s)
Instantaneous
Current (p.u.)
Instantaneous
Voltage (p.u.)
Power (p.u.)
RMS Current (p.u.)
RMS Voltage (p.u.)

IEEE Electrification - March 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification - March 2022

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