IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 104
By Xuan Wu, Ji Zhao, Carlos J. Casablanca,
and Antonio J. Conejo
Energy
Storage
©SHUTTERSTOCK.COM/IMMERSION IMAGERY
Improving system reliability, deferring network
upgrading, taking advantage of markets, and beyond.
I
N THIS ARTICLE, WE DISCUSS HOW ENERgy
storage (behind the meter or otherwise)
improves the performance of
industrial and public distribution systems
in various ways. We focus on large industrial
or commercial electricity consumers and the corresponding
supplying utility. Note that this article does
not represent any guidance, policy, or preference from
any specific electric utility [i.e., American Electric
Power (AEP)].
Storage increases the reliability of a distribution
system because it may supply a portion of the system
load under outage conditions. This is advantageous
for the consumer who owns or benefits from
the storage facility and for the supplying utility;
unserved energy decreases because the affected load
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MELE.2021.3093637
Date of current version: 2 September 2021
104 IEEE Electrification Magazine / SEPTEMBER 2021
is partly/fully supplied by the storage system. If the
storage system is consumer owned, the consumer
may agree to share its energy with the utility when
necessary. If the utility is the storage owner, the consumer
directly benefits if the storage facility is adequately
located and designed to supply energy during
outage periods.
Storage helps with deferring feeder and transformer
upgrades because it effectively reduces the distribution
system's peak load if it is set to discharge during peak
hours. This is important for the supplying utility and the
consumer since a less stressed system generally results in
higher supply quality.
Moreover, by participating in the frequency regulation
and energy markets, storage is a potential source of revenue
to its owner-the supplying utility, the consumer, or a
third-party investor. If applicable, and if the owner is the
supplying utility, the utility may integrate the storage facility
in its market assets. However, the market benefits of
2325-5897/21©2021IEEE
http://www.SHUTTERSTOCK.COM/IMMERSION
IEEE Electrification - September 2021
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification - September 2021
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - Cover1
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - Cover2
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 1
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 2
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 3
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 4
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 5
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 6
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 7
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 8
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 9
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 10
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 11
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 12
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 13
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 14
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 15
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 16
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 17
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 18
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 19
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 20
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 21
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 22
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 23
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 24
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 25
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 26
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 27
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 28
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 29
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 30
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 31
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 32
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 33
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 34
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 35
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 36
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 37
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 38
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 39
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 40
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 41
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 42
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 43
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 44
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 45
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 46
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 47
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 48
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 49
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 50
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 51
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 52
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 53
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 54
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 55
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 56
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 57
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 58
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 59
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 60
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 61
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 62
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 63
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 64
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 65
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 66
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 67
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 68
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 69
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 70
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 71
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 72
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 73
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 74
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 75
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 76
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 77
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 78
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 79
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 80
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 81
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 82
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 83
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 84
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 85
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 86
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 87
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 88
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 89
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 90
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 91
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 92
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 93
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 94
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 95
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 96
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 97
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 98
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 99
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 100
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 101
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 102
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 103
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 104
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 105
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 106
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 107
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 108
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 109
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 110
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 111
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 112
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 113
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 114
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 115
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 116
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 117
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 118
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 119
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 120
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 121
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 122
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 123
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 124
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 125
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 126
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 127
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 128
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 129
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 130
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 131
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 132
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - Cover3
IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2013
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2013
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com