IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 126

caused by ice storms is much less in comparison. The
portable de-icing system has significant economic and
social benefits and can ensure the distribution network
resilience in winter.
MDIV Routing
DIS
Transportation
System Operation
Distribution
System Operation
Figure 8. A resilience enhancement planning framework.
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
Reliability
Failure Probability
02 46 810
Ice Thickness (mm)
12 14 16
Figure 9. Failure probability and system reliability in relation to ice
thickness on the line.
De-Icing Scheduling for Distribution
Network Resilience
Considering the power system resilience in an ice storm,
a real-time operation planning strategy is required to
minimize the adverse impact of the storm on distribution
networks. The resilience enhancement plan (REP)
considered in this article, and depicted in Figure 8,
includes four components, i.e., de-icing schedule (DIS),
MDIV routing, transportation system operation, and distribution
system operation. As depicted in Figure 9,
when the ice thickness exceeds a given threshold, the
distribution system outage probability will increase, and
its reliability will decrease. DIS is the practice of placing
MDIVs in proper de-icing depots. MDIV routing is the
process of routing MDIVs to proper de-icing locations for
removing the ice from power distribution lines before
the ice thickness reaches the threshold level. This
threshold is determined by power system operators and
the REP involves employing one of the de-icing techniques
mentioned in the previous section. Figure 10
illustrates the REP during an ice storm, where the deicing
process will only take a fraction of the REP time.
Most of the REP time is spend on commuting to the deicing
location and setting up the de-icing device. Figure
11 illustrates the MDIV routing from a depot to a
de-icing location. When the MDIV reaches the de-icing
location, equipment operators remove the designated
distribution line out of service, install MDIV to de-ice the
distribution line, uninstall MDIV or PDID once the job is
done, switch the de-iced line back into service, and drive
MDIV or PDID to the next de-icing location. The de-icing
process will take approximately 4 h, which depends on
the ice thickness and the de-icing current.
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
Maximum Ice Thickness
De-Icing Duration
Ice Thickness With De-Icing
Ice Thickness Without De-Icing
Time (h)
01224364860728496
In Service
Outage
Figure 10. A power distribution line with and without de-icing during an ice storm.
126 IEEE Electrification Magazine / SEPTEMBER 2021
Line State
Ice Thickness (mm)
Probability

IEEE Electrification - September 2021

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