IEEE Electrification - September 2021 - 127

REP Framework
The REP for the power distribution network is often more
time-consuming and complicated than that of the transmission
system due to the vast number of overhead lines
in a power distribution network. Therefore, the power distribution
resilience before, during, and after ice storms can
be enhanced by the MDIV scheduling and routing on local
roads. The resilience enhancement framework for distribution
systems consists of a coordinated model of MDIV
placement in a depot and routing on an urban transportation
network when an ice storm strikes. Accordingly, congestion
and potential transportation capacity would need
to be considered when applying DIS to the power distribution
system.
To reduce the MDIV's commuting time in practice,
there are a few considerations and requirements.
1) We apply an REP model that coordinates MDIV
placement and routing with an urban transportation
network to maintain the power distribution
network resilience during ice storms. The urban
transportation network operation optimizes the
MDIV routing by considering road congestion and
transportation flow distribution. The power system
operations consist of the distribution network
reconfiguration and distributed energy resource
(DER) dispatch.
2) The MDIV is considered an emergency vehicle and all
other vehicles would yield the
right-of-way to reduce the
MDIV's commuting time. The
coordination of the MDIV routing
with the transportation system
operations is considered in
REP to manage the traffic congestion
problem in enhancing
the resilience of the power distribution
system.
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3) Power distribution and urban
transportation networks are
prone to damages caused by
ice storms. Their forecasting
uncertainties due to environmental
concerns, global
warming, and infrastructure
operation concerns should be
considered in the REP scheduling
to minimize their impacts
on the resilience of the coordinated
power distribution and
urban transportation systems.
In practice, once the de-icing is
completed in a de-icing depot, an
MDIV is routed to other de-icing
locations using local roads, which
are constrained by the urban transportation
system. The exclusion of
the urban transportation system constraints might result
in an infeasible REP schedule (i.e., the MDIV might not
reach the designated de-icing locations on time if the
transportation congestion is ignored in the REP scheduling).
This is because ice storms could result in severe
traffic congestion in an urban transportation system,
which would significantly increase the MDIV's commuting
time.
MDIV 1
De-Icing Location
MDIV Depot
MDIV 2
Figure 11. MDIV routing coordination in REP.
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01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
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Ice-Covered Line
DER
ab
d
c
hi
g
kl
Ice-Covered Road
De-Icing Location
Figure 12. The IEEE 33-bus, 12-node distribution network.
IEEE Electrification Magazine / SEPTEMBER 2021 127
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IEEE Electrification - September 2021

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