IEEE Electrification - September 2022 - 19

For each of these nine scenarios, we considered five
different N-1 contingencies: 1) loss of the largest synchronous
unit, 2) loss of the most critical power line, 3) loss of
one GFM ESS, 4) loss of one utility-scale PV plant, and 5)
loss of 50% of the distributed PV. The last case is particularly
challenging because the distributed solar covers
almost 50% of the load at noon.
Figure 10 shows the validation results of the OSS. Frequency
oscillations are shown here because they are easier
to show with high zoom-in for multiple plants
compared to the corresponding active power oscillations.
In today's power systems, these frequency oscillations
are accompanied by significant active power oscillations
between generation units. For each of the nine scenarios,
we show one example contingency and compare the
oscillations with and without DPO. Without optimization,
many of the contingencies lead to significant oscillations.
In all cases, the optimization significantly reduced
the oscillations between generation units. This demonstrates
the effectiveness of the controller tuning in
improving N-1 security in IBR-dominated power systems.
Figure 6 shows a screenshot of SIGUARD®DSA illustrating
the worst-case contingency before (dark blue) and
after (light blue) DPO. The optimization successfully
brought the system from a critical red state into an
acceptable yellow state.
Conclusion
An exponential increase in inverter-based renewable
resources such as wind and solar is imperative to battle
climate change. To support this transition, power system
operators must solve multiple challenges, including operational
N-1 security, to avoid blackouts. We have shown
that our proposed OSS can solve these operational N-1
security challenges in a virtual operational environment
representing Hawai'i Island with 100% inverter-based
generation. Next, we want to solve the implementation
challenges outlined previously and proceed with a largescale
field test.
Acknowledgments
The information, data, or work presented herein was
funded in part by the Advanced Research Projects
Agency - Energy, U.S. Department of Energy, under Award
DE-AR0001062.
Disclaimer
The views and opinions of the authors expressed herein
do not necessarily state or reflect those of the U.S. Government
or any agency thereof.
For Further Reading
N. Xue et al., " Dynamic security optimization for N-1 secure
operation of Hawai'i Island system with 100% inverter-based
resources, " IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, early access, 2022. [Online].
Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9650535, doi:
10.1109/TSG.2021.3135232.
A. Mesanovic, U. Muenz, and R. Findeisen, " Scalable and
data privacy conserving controller tuning for large-scale
power networks, " IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol., vol. 30, no. 2,
pp. 696−711, 2022, doi: 10.1109/TCST.2021.3078321.
J. Matevosyan, S. H. Huang, P. Du, N. Mago, and R. Guiyab,
" Operational security: The case of Texas, " IEEE Power
Energy Mag., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 18−27, 2021, doi: 10.1109/
MPE.2020.3043611.
" Toward 100% renewable energy pathways: Key research
needs. " Energy Systems Integration Group. https://globalpst.
org/wp-content/uploads/Toward-100-Renewable-Energy
-Pathways-Key-Research-Needs.pdf (Accessed: Jul. 18, 2022).
" Inaugural research agenda. " Global Power System
Transformation Consortium. https://globalpst.org/wp
-content/uploads/042921G-PST-Research-Agenda-Master
-Document-FINAL_updated.pdf (Accessed: Jul. 18, 2022).
A. Raab et al., Security Assessment for Higher Loaded Power System
Operation to 2030. Frankfurt, Germany: ETG Congress, 2021.
T. Sennewald, D. Westermann, P. Wiest, and R. Krebs,
Closed Loop Assessment of Curative Actions in a Power System
Control Center Demonstrator. Frankfurt, Germany: ETG Congress,
2021.
J. M. Barua Godoy, R. A. de Oliveria, A. D. Barragan Gomez,
A. Bachry, and C. Romeis, " Application of WAMPAC-system in
Paraguay's ANDE power system, " presented at the PAC World
Global Conf., Houston, TX, USA, 2021.
" DynaGrid: German research project to establish a grid
control center to master the increasing dynamics in power
systems funded by German government. " Siemens. https://
new.siemens.com/global/en/products/energy/topics/
dyna-grid-center.html (Accessed: Jul. 18, 2022).
" German research project to create innovations in the
grid operation for the year 2030 funded by German government. "
InnoSys2030. https://www.innosys2030.de/ (Accessed:
Jul. 18, 2022).
Biographies
Ulrich Muenz (ulrich.muenz@siemens.com) is with
Siemens Technology, Princeton, New Jersey, 08540, USA.
Nan Xue (nan.xue@siemens.com) is with Siemens
Technology, Princeton, New Jersey, 08540, USA.
Xiaofan Wu (xiaofan.wu@siemens.com) is with
Siemens Technology, Princeton, New Jersey, 08540, USA.
Amer Mesanovic (amer.mesanovic@siemens.com) is
with Siemens Technology, Munich, 81739, Germany.
Leland Cockcroft (leland.cockcroft@hawaiianelectric.
com) is with the Hawaiian Electric, Hilo, Hawai'i, 96720, USA.
Lisa Dangelmaier (lisa.dangelmaier@hawaiianelec
tric.com) is with the Hawaiian Electric, Hilo, Hawai'i,
96720, USA.
Chris Heyde (chris.heyde@siemens.com) is with Siemens
Smart Infrastructure, Erlangen, 91058, Germany.
Zerui Dong (zerui.dong@opal-rt.com) is with the
OPAL-RT Corporation, Wheat Ridge, Colorado, 80033, USA.
Sudipta Chakraborty (sudipta.chakraborty@opal
-rt .com) is with the OPAL-RT Corporation, Wheat Ridge,
Colorado, 80033, USA.
Aditya Ashok (aditya.ashok@pnnl.gov) is with the
Pacific Northwest National Lab, Richland, Washington,
99352, USA.
IEEE Electrification Magazine / SEPTEMBER 2022
19

https://globalpst.org/wp-content/uploads/Toward-100-Renewable-Energy-Pathways-Key-Research-Needs.pdf https://globalpst.org/wp-content/uploads/Toward-100-Renewable-Energy-Pathways-Key-Research-Needs.pdf https://globalpst.org/wp-content/uploads/Toward-100-Renewable-Energy-Pathways-Key-Research-Needs.pdf https://globalpst.org/wp-content/uploads/042921G-PST-Research-Agenda-Master-Document-FINAL_updated.pdf https://globalpst.org/wp-content/uploads/042921G-PST-Research-Agenda-Master-Document-FINAL_updated.pdf https://globalpst.org/wp-content/uploads/042921G-PST-Research-Agenda-Master-Document-FINAL_updated.pdf https://new.siemens.com/global/en/products/energy/topics/dyna-grid-center.html https://new.siemens.com/global/en/products/energy/topics/dyna-grid-center.html https://new.siemens.com/global/en/products/energy/topics/dyna-grid-center.html https://www.innosys2030.de/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2021.3135232 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9650535

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