MWh MWh MWh 220 165 132 110 99 88 66 66 55 44 33 22 1 2 3 4 Time 1 2 (a) 3 Time 4 1 2 3 (b) 4 Time (c) Three Firms: Firm 1 Sells 330 MWh Firm 2 Sells 220 MWh Firm 3 Sells 550 MWh Total Amount Sold by Three Firms = 1,100 Mwh figure 5. The hourly forward contract quantities for three suppliers (10% higher). The forward contract obligation per period for (a) Firm 1, (b) Firm 2, and (c) Firm 3. MWh MWh MWh MWh 176 132 99 88 66 44 11 1 22 2 3 132 88 66 44 33 4 (a) Time 1 44 33 22 2 3 (b) 4 Time 1 2 3 4 (c) Time 1 2 3 4 Time (d) Four Retailers: Retailer 1 Holds 110 MWh Retailer 2 Holds 220 MWh Retailer 3 Holds 330 MWh Retailer 4 Holds 440 MWh Total Amount Held by Four Retailers = 1,100 MWh figure 6. The hourly forward contract quantities for four retailers (10% higher). The forward contract obligation per period for (a) Retailer 1, (b) Retailer 2, (c) Retailer 3, and (d) Retailer 4. january/february 2021 ieee power & energy magazine 37