IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 97

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for direct current work. Now I have been more or
less familiar with your subsequent work and career
and take this occasion to emphasize the fact of its
great importance, especially to the art of electric
railway control and propulsion. I think it can be truly said that your trials of the trolley system in Richmond, Virginia were a definitive starting point in the
development of trolley systems in the United States.
Needless to say, the subsequent electrification of the
whole of the street car lines itself followed and created a profound extension of the electric railway
systems throughout the country.
Better than all this, I have appreciated our
many years of acquaintance and friendship.
Very truly yours,
Elihu Thomson
When Sprague died of pneumonia on 25 October
1934, he richly deserved his mantle as the "father of
electric traction."

For Further Reading
J. L. Sprague, "A Sprague invention, multiple unit train
control," IEEE Power Energy Mag., vol. 13, no. 6, pp.
88-103, Nov.-Dec. 2015.
F. Rowsome, Jr., The Birth of Electric Traction, the
Extraordinary Life and Times of Frank Julian Sprague.
Piscataway, NJ: IEEE History Center Press, 2013.
F. Dalzell, Engineering Invention, Frank J. Sprague and the
U.S. Electrical Industry. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010.
W. D. Middleton and W. D. Middleton III, Frank Julian Sprague, Electrical Inventor and Engineer. Bloomington, IN: Indiana Univ. Press, 2009.
H. C. J. Sprague, Frank J. Sprague and the Edison
Myth. New York: William-Frederick Press, 1947.
J. L. Sprague and J. J. Cunningham, "A Frank
Sprague triumph: The electrification of Grand Central
Terminal," IEEE Power Energy Mag., vol. 11, no. 1, pp.
58-76, Jan.-Feb. 2013.
Frank J. Sprague Papers (1874-1939), New York
City Public Library, Rare Books and Manuscripts Division, Accession number *88 M 28.
Frank J. Sprague Seventy-Fifth Anniversary Books. Williamstown, MA: Chapin Library, Williams College, 1932.
Frank J. Sprague Seventy-Fifth Anniversary Program, New York, 25 July 1932.
P. Israel, Edison: A Life of Invention. New York: Wiley, 1998.
H. C. Passer, Frank Julian Sprague, Father of Electric
Traction. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press 1952.
F. J. Sprague, "Electric traction in space of three dimensions," J. Maryland Acad. Sci., vol. II, nos. 3 and 4,
pp. 161-194, Dec. 1931.
F. J. Sprague, "Electric traction in space of three dimensions," J. Maryland Acad. Sci., vol. III, nos. 1, 2,
and 3, pp. 1-36, July 1932.
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