IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 68
dramatically affected DMS, resulting in the market availability of advanced DMS (aDMS), which is used to monitor,
optimize, and control distribution grids on a 24/7 basis.
Such an aDMS deployed in the United States includes
the modules presented in Figure 1, which are strongly integrated using the same grid database and grid mathematical
model. aDMS is mainly intended to
✔ improve the safety, reliability, and security of grid
operation
✔ reduce system peak demand and system power losses
✔ provide efficient incident and maintenance management
✔ postpone investment in very expensive power equipment.
the deployed aDMS can be tailored to special customer
requirements. One such requirement is voltage/volt-ampere
reactive (volt/var) optimization (VVO). Here, we will discuss VVO, placing particular emphasis on its closed-loop
operation. VVO is designed to operate in the following distinctive modes:
1) monitoring and control
2) loss optimization
3) distribution system demand response (DSDr)
4) emergency
5) storm.
the DSDr and emergency modes are considered the most
attractive due to their uniqueness and associated benefits.
Grid Analysis
* Energy Losses
* Reliability Analysis
* Fault Calculation
* Relay Protection Analysis
* Breakers/Fuses Capacity
* Contingency Analysis
* LV Analysis
* Harmonic Analysis
* Historian Analysis/Reports
Fault Location, Isolation,
and Supply Restoration
* Fault Location
* Fault Isolation
* Supply Restoration
* Return to Prefault
* Large-Area Restoration
Grid Operation Planning
and Optimization
* Volt/Var Control
* Grid Reconfiguration
* Load Transfer/Load Relief
* Near-Term State Forecast
* Short-Term State Forecast
* Demand Response Management
this has been proven on the basis of the experience gained
through their design and deployment with aDMS, as
well as results based on their real-life usage in an entire
distribution grid over an approximately three-year period.
these results are presented in the "results and Benefits of
real-Life Usage of Volt/Var Optimization" section. the
final section presents the challenges and further development of aDMS.
Volt/Var Optimization Modes
Monitoring and Control
the monitoring and control mode is used to monitor the
state of the grid without continual autonomous optimization
by aDMS (often referred to as "closed loop"). the optimization engine-VVO-doesn't run, and devices continue
to operate based on their local automation settings. these
settings are provided using VVO in the grid operation planning phase. However, aDMS still receives near real-time
supervisory control and data acquisition (SCaDa) input
from the grid and performs many of its functionalities, including near-term load forecasting (ntLF), load flow (LF),
and state estimation (SE). the operator can execute remote
SCaDa commands as needed to manually operate elements of the grid, update the connectivity of nontelemetered
HV Grid Management
* LF
* SE
* Contingency Analysis
* Optimal Power Flow
* Generators Control
* Breaker Capacity
* Reactive Reserve Monitoring
Grid Operation
* Switching and Validation
* Topology Analysis and Tracing
* Temporary Elements
* Switching Order Management
* Work Order Management
* Underload Switching
SCADA
* Remote Control and Data Acquisition
* Alarming, Trending, and Tagging
* Load Shedding
Outage Management System
* Trouble Call Management
* Incident Management
* Crew Management
* Outage Reporting/Statistics
* Reliability Reporting
Grid Monitoring
* Real-Time Model
* LF
* SE
* Performance Indices
* Thermal Monitoring
* Distributed Energy Resources
* Model Readiness
* Electric Vehicle Monitoring
Mobility
* Web Access Clients
* Mobile Dispatching
* Planned/Unplanned Works
Grid Development Planning
* Load/Generation Forecast
* Phase Balancing
* Optimal Capacitors Placement
* Optimal Regulators Placement
* Grid Reinforcement
* Grid Automation
* Customer Connection
Dispatcher Training Simulator
* Scenario Generation
* Train on Events
* Train on Storm Response
* Student Evaluation
figure 1. ADMS modules of functionality.
68
ieee power & energy magazine
march/april 2018
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018
Contents
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