IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2020 - 18

redirects flows toward less constrained
lines, thus increasing the overall transmission system transfer capacity. Operated by the dispatcher in the control center,
commands are sent to a master controller
with the desired level of impedance injection using 3G communication between
the site and RTE's regional control center.
The authors also discuss using largescale batteries that reduce the congestion of lines and curtail wind generation using various layers of control
mechanisms. Finally, they describe tests
of a new fluronitrile mixture (NOVEC
4710 + O 2 + CO 2) used in a c i rc ui t
breaker in a pilot substation project. In
this way, they hope to reduce the use of
sulfur hexafluoride, which has been employed successfully in high-voltage substations for many years but is not environmentally friendly and listed among the six
most harmful greenhouse gases.
The next article, by Renchang Dai,
Guangyi Liu, and Xing Zhang, discusses transmission technologies and their
implementation in China. The authors

describe experiences with planning and
operating a 1,000-kV ultrahigh-voltage
(UHV) ac system and developing standards for line and equipment components. The "strong and smart grid" plan
shows how both UHV ac and ! 1, 000 -kV
UHV dc systems will serve as the backbone of the national grid while ensuring
reliable and stable operation. This article
describes a digital real-time simulation
system, a supercomputer with more than
24,000 CPU cores that is specialized for
power-system parallel simulation. Massive simulation cases can be parallelized
to conduct transient stability (TS) simulations, electromagnetic transient (EMT)
simulations, and TS-EMT hybrid simulations. The overall simulation efficiency is
thousands of times faster than traditional
means. The authors also present information on an energy-management system
prototype, developed for installation in a
provincial control center, that is capable of
much higher performance using a novel
database architecture along with fast parallel computational methods.

The fifth article, by Fangxing Li , Kevin Tomsovic, and Hantao Cui, describes
a fully automated, integrated, and closedloop platform with comprehensive system
modeling as a virtual digital twin of an
actual large-scale power grid. Disparate
systems can be modeled by researchers
to analyze network performance; the applications of new technologies; and the
monitoring, modeling, control, and actuation functions. The simulator achieves a
balance between system modeling complexity and test fidelity for research and
testing in the following areas:
1) the design of a decoupled software architecture to represent the
large-scale power system dynamics and cyber control systems
2) the development of a distributed
messaging environment for integrating interoperable software
modules for simultaneous execution and systematic testing
3) the advancement of a tool to visualize the data and interact with the
software modules in run time.

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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2020