Standalone Microgrids Integration of Small Modular Reactors Into Renewable Energy-Based By Dennis Michaelson and Jin Jiang T THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF human activities has become a significant consideration when making energy infrastructure decisions. To reduce energy poverty worldwide, there is growing interest in providing electricity in an environmentally sustainable way that minimizes greenhouse gas emissions. The same applies to the energy supply for off-grid industrial activities, such as mining projects and remote communities. These applications have traditionally been served by diesel generators, and more recently by wind-diesel hybrid power systems. Diesel and fuel oils are notorious for the high cost of transportation to remote sites, and for emissions of particulate pollution and greenhouse gasses. Such emissions can profoundly impact the environment in comparison to other types of power generation. Renewable energy in the form of wind and solar resources presents a clean and low-carbon solution that is becoming increasingly economical. These diverse energy sources can be integrated into the form of a microgrid, which combines multiple sources, loads, and energy storage into a self-contained energy hub that can operate both with and without Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MPE.2021.3134149 Date of current version: 21 February 2022 march/april 2022 1540-7977/22©2022IEEE ieeepower & energy magazine 57 An Energy Management Perspective ©SHUTTERSTOCK.COM/PETOVARGAhttp://www.SHUTTERSTOCK.COM/PETOVARGA