IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2022 - 70

detailed plans to retire the dc system.
New York Edison had been the lone
exception to the trend toward replacement
of dc distribution until the
United automat ic network ended
that status.
Vertical and
Spot Networks
The nature of the automatic network lent
itself to installation in large buildings as
the 13-kV feeders were extended up to
strategic points in tall structures. The
first building in New York City to be
so equipped was the Chrysler Building
in 1929. The Empire State Building
followed in 1931; within a decade, a total
of 22 larger Manhattan buildings were
equipped with vertical networks. The
elimination of high-current/low-voltage
riser cables reduced shaft requirements
to the extent that significant floor space
was made available for other purposes
and/or increased rental area. For
installations above the ground floor,
company policy required the customer
to perform the installation under
United field supervision, although it
supplied the equipment and performed
subsequent maintenance. For ground
floor or basement
installations,
performed
the
the
company provided the equipment and
also
installation
and maintenance.
Similarly, large complexes with a
concentrated load became the sites of
localized internal networks in which
13-kV feeders entered the premises to
supply network transformers at strategic
locations. One of the first was
installed in 1928 at the new ColumbiaPresbyterian
Medical Center at 168th
St reet. Similar installat ions supplied
the gigantic Merchandise Mart
exposition center in Chicago and the
National Archives building in Washington
D.C.
The 1928 Blake report documented
a variety of system and component
concepts, but the United system became
the leader. That was manifested
in a 1933 survey that found 157 similar
networks in 60 cities across the
United States. Some cities with different
systems converted to the United
system and all but three made it their
standard. New York City had a total
of 27 networks. United had four networks
in operation, Brooklyn Edison
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ieee power & energy magazine
23/03/13 10:38 AM
figure 4. The network switch operations. The number and type of failures.
(Courtesy of AIEE Transactions.)
march/april 2022
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2022

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