IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2019 - 14

induction motor in 1889, let the unpretentious triple terminals of his showpiece speak for themselves (Figure 3).
On a demonstration table for the new
three-phase class (Figure 4), DolivoDobrowolsky presented the simpler
three-wire connection as clearly as possible for any visitor.
There is a final comment on Tesla's
specific polyphase preferences. As is
commonly known, both the Westinghouse Company and its chief consultant Nikola Tesla were, for a long time,
strongly in favor of two-phase solutions.
Consequently, for the Adams Power Plant at Niagara Falls, New York,
two-phase generators were recommended in 1893 and put into operation
in 1895. Three-phase generators had to
wait until 1903, when the first plant extension took place. On the other hand,
the legendary long-distance power
transmission system from Lauffen/
Neckar to Frankfurt/Main, commis-

14

ieee power & energy magazine

sioned in 1891, was already operating
with interlinked three-phase ac, as did
most of the following projects for power
plants in Europe. In conclusion, Cunningham's claim in the caption of his
Figure 6 should be reconsidered and
opened to the merits of other pioneers of
polyphase solutions, in particular with
interlinked three-phase ac.
-Gerhard Neidhöfer

Author's Response
I concur with Gerhard Neidhöfer's concerns because the caption in Figure 6
could be misleading. It intended to say
that Tesla's comments were a harbinger of the future and not that the future
trends were necessarily Tesla's work.
(In fact, the three-phase transmission
used at Niagara was a product of Westinghouse's rival General Electric, designed largely by Steinmetz and his
associates.) My thanks and appreciation to Neidhöfer for his precise read-

ing of my ambiguous comment that
had eluded my attention.
-Joseph J. Cunningham

References
[1] J. J. Cunningham, "89 Liberty Street:
The birthplace of commercial polyphase
power," IEEE Power Energy Mag., vol.
16, no. 6, pp. 88-101, Nov.-Dec. 2018.
[2] C. Hering, "Description of
the Lauffen-Frankfort Plant for the
Transmission of Power," Elec. World, p.
232, vol. 18, no. 13, Sept. 1891.
[3] C. Hering, "Electrical Practice in Europe as Seen by an American," Elec. World,
vol. 18, no. 13, pp. 232-234, Sept. 1891.
[4] W. Lahmeyer et al., "Verwendung der Elektricität für Motorische
Zwecke," Elektrotechnische Zeitschrift,
p. 234, 1891.
[5] G. Neidhöfer, "Early three-phase
power," IEEE Power Energy Mag., vol. 5,
no. 5, pp. 88-100, Sept.-Oct. 2007.
p&e

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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2019

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