IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 74
(a)
(d)
(c)
(b)
(e)
figure 3. The North Bay Hydro CEP equipment. (a) CHP generators, (b) the Solar Flower PV, (c) the CEP welcome sign,
(d) the main power transformers, and (e) the battery energy storage system.
CEP microgrid, a transformer
with a delta high-voltage winding and wye-grounded, medium500
voltage winding is used between
Total Load
the subtransmission and distribu400
tion systems (see Figure 2). This
transformer configuration can
300
Sum of Generator and Battery Output
challenge the detection of line200
to-ground faults on the subtransNet Power Import
mission system, particularly if the
100
upstream subtransmission protection operates before the DERs are
0
Power Export Due to
tripped offline.
Sudden Load Decrease
Also, detection and tripping
-100
12:45 12:55 13:05 13:15 13:25 13:35 13:45 13:55 14:05 14:15
for various abnormal conditions
Time of Day
were required, including voltage
or frequency excursions, unintenfigure 4. A chart showing the system's response to a sudden load decrease.
tional islanding (e.g., if a switch
was operated without a fault),
traditional coordination time intervals are considered, would and single open-phase conditions. The microgrid's limited
require upstream utility system protection to be significantly import objective causes a generation-to-load ratio of nearly
delayed. These system conditions require adapting protection one, which can complicate passive anti-islanding protecsettings and using sophisticated coordination techniques to tion techniques. Passive anti-islanding protection detects
maintain selective protection coordination while grid tied unintentional islanding based on measured signals (e.g.,
voltage and frequency) without attempting to influence
and islanded.
these parameters by adjusting the power output. Examples
of common passive anti-islanding protection functions
Detecting Utility System Events
To maintain a safe utility power system operation, microgrid include undervoltage, overvoltage, underfrequency, and
protection must respond promptly to utility events. At the overfrequency elements.
(kW)
600
74
ieee power & energy magazine
may/june 2021
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021
Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 4
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 5
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 6
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 7
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 8
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 9
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 10
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 11
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 12
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 13
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 14
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 15
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 16
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 17
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 18
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 19
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 20
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 21
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 22
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 23
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 24
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 25
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 26
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 27
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 28
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 29
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 30
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 31
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 32
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 33
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 34
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 35
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 36
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 37
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 38
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 39
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 40
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 41
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 42
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 43
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 44
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 45
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 46
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 47
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 48
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 49
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 50
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 51
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 52
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 53
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 54
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 55
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 56
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 57
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 58
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 59
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 60
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 61
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 62
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 63
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 64
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 65
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 66
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 67
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 68
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 69
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 70
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 71
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 72
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 73
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 74
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 75
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 76
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 77
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 78
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 79
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 80
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 81
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 82
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 83
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 84
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 85
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 86
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 87
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 88
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 89
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 90
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 91
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 92
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 93
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 94
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 95
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 96
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 97
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 98
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 99
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 100
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 101
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 102
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 103
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 104
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 105
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 106
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 107
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - 108
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2021 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070820
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050620
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030420
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010220
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070819
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050619
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030419
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070818
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050618
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030418
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070817
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050617
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030417
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070816
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050616
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030416
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/powerenergy_010216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070815
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050615
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030415
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111214
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070814
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050614
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030414
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010214
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com