IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 19

and availability of flexibility. From a distribution network
perspective, if the EV charging load can be accommodated
within the existing network capacity (e.g., if it mostly
occurred overnight), then there would not be a DNO need
for flexibility to manage the increase in demand. It is also
necessary to understand charging behavior to determine
whether the charging load could be flexible; that is, would it
be possible to slow down the charging speeds without inconveniencing
drivers?
The next section outlines some elements of charging
behavior that are particularly important in establishing the
need and availability of flexibility. The Electric Nation technical
report contains further details and a wider overview of
charging behavior.
Participant Age
(Percentage of Participants)
33
30
Retired
11%
10
15
20
25
30
35
CrowdCharge GreenFlux
5
Lower Than
10 kWh
10-25 kWh 25-35 kWh 35 kWh
and Higher
figure 2. The composition of CrowdCharge and GreenFlux
cohorts by battery capacity.
Employed
Employed
(15-30 h)
5%
Other
2%
(Fewer than 15 h)
1%
Looking After
Children
1%
16
Employment
Characteristic
11
9
1
18-25
26-35 36-45 46-55 56-64 65
and Older
D
C2
Skilled Manual
Workers
5%
C1
Supervisory,
Clerical and Junior
Managerial,
Administrative, and
Professional
Socioeconomic
Group
A
Higher
Managerial,
Administrative,
and
Professional
35%
B
Intermediate Managerial,
Administrative, and
Professional
40%
figure 3. The demographics of the Electric Nation participants.
july/august 2021
ieee power & energy magazine
19
Innovators
Early Adopters Early Majority
18
32
Semiskilled and
Unskilled Manual
Workers
1%
E
State Pensioners, Casual
and Lowest-Grade Workers,
Unemployed With State
Benefits Only
5%
Attitude to Technology Adoption
(Percentage of Participants)
50
SelfEmployed
15%
Employed
(More
Than 30 h)
65%
Percentage of Cohort

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021

Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 4
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 5
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 6
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 7
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 8
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 9
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 10
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 11
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 12
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 13
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 14
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 15
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 16
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 17
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 18
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 19
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 20
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 21
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 22
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 23
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 24
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 25
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 26
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 27
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 28
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 29
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 30
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 31
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 32
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 33
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 34
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 35
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 36
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 37
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 38
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 39
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 40
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 41
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 42
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 43
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 44
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 45
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 46
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 47
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 48
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 49
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 50
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 51
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 52
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 53
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 54
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 55
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 56
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 57
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 58
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 59
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 60
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 61
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 62
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 63
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 64
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 65
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 66
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 67
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 68
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 69
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 70
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 71
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 72
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 73
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 74
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 75
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 76
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 77
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 78
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 79
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 80
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 81
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 82
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 83
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 84
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 85
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 86
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 87
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 88
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 89
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 90
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 91
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 92
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 93
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 94
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 95
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 96
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 97
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 98
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 99
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 100
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 101
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 102
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 103
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 104
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 105
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 106
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 107
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - 108
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2021 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070820
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050620
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030420
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010220
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070819
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050619
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030419
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070818
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050618
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030418
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070817
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050617
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030417
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070816
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050616
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030416
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/powerenergy_010216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070815
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050615
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030415
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111214
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070814
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050614
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030414
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010214
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com